Brake System Troubleshooting on the Case 252 Vibratory Roller

[MikePhua]

Case Construction and the 252 Roller’s Role in Compaction
Case Construction Equipment, a division of CNH Industrial, has produced a wide range of compaction machinery since the mid-20th century. The Case 252 vibratory roller was designed for small to mid-scale paving and site preparation tasks, offering a balance of maneuverability, weight, and compaction force. With an operating weight around 5,000 to 6,000 lbs and a drum width of approximately 48 inches, the 252 became a popular choice for contractors working on driveways, parking lots, and utility trenches.
The machine features a hydrostatic drive system, a vibratory drum powered by hydraulic flow, and a mechanical or hydraulic braking system depending on production year. While the roller itself is mechanically straightforward, brake system issues can be particularly frustrating due to limited documentation and aging components.
Terminology Notes

• Hydrostatic Drive: A propulsion system using hydraulic fluid to transmit power from the engine to the wheels or drum.
  
• Parking Brake: A manually or electrically actuated brake that locks the machine in place when stationary.
  
• Service Brake: The primary braking system used during operation, often integrated into the hydrostatic drive or axle assembly.
  
• Brake Caliper: A mechanical or hydraulic device that clamps onto a rotor to create friction and stop motion.
  

Common Brake System Issues and Root Causes
Operators of the Case 252 roller have reported several recurring brake-related problems:

• Brake pedal feels soft or unresponsive
  
• Machine rolls when parked on a slope despite brake engagement
  
• Brake system engages partially, causing drag during forward motion
  
• Audible grinding or squealing from rear axle area
  
• Difficulty locating replacement parts or service diagrams
  

These symptoms often point to one or more of the following:

• Worn brake pads or shoes
  
• Seized caliper or actuator due to corrosion or lack of lubrication
  
• Hydraulic fluid contamination affecting brake pressure
  
• Faulty parking brake cable or linkage
  
• Air intrusion in hydraulic brake lines
  

In one case, a paving crew in Tennessee noticed their 252 roller drifting downhill even with the brake engaged. Inspection revealed that the parking brake cable had frayed internally, causing incomplete engagement. A custom-fabricated cable resolved the issue, and the crew added a secondary wheel chock protocol for steep sites.
Field Anecdote and Improvisation
During a municipal sidewalk project in Ontario, a Case 252 roller began exhibiting brake drag after a rainstorm. The operator suspected water intrusion and removed the rear drum cover. Inside, he found rust buildup on the caliper pins and a swollen rubber boot. With no replacement parts available, he cleaned the components, applied marine-grade grease, and fashioned a temporary boot from heat-resistant silicone. The roller returned to service and completed the project without further issues.
Diagnostic Strategy and Inspection Tips
To troubleshoot brake issues on the Case 252:

• Inspect brake fluid reservoir for contamination or low level
  
• Check for leaks around calipers, hoses, and fittings
  
• Test parking brake cable tension and linkage movement
  
• Remove drum covers to inspect pad wear and rotor condition
  
• Verify hydraulic pressure at brake actuator using a gauge
  
• Listen for abnormal sounds during braking and coasting
  

If the machine uses a mechanical brake system, inspect springs, levers, and pivot points for wear or misalignment. For hydraulic systems, bleeding the lines and replacing fluid may restore responsiveness.
Preventive Maintenance and Recommendations

• Flush brake fluid annually and replace with manufacturer-approved type
  
• Lubricate caliper pins and cable linkages every 250 hours
  
• Inspect brake pads and rotors every 500 hours or during seasonal service
  
• Replace parking brake cables every 1,000 hours or when fraying is detected
  
• Use anti-corrosion spray on exposed brake components in wet climates
  

For machines stored outdoors, consider covering brake assemblies or using desiccant packs in enclosed compartments to reduce moisture buildup.
Design Simplicity and Operator Experience
The Case 252 roller is built for straightforward operation, but its brake system can vary depending on production year and regional configuration. Some models use mechanical drum brakes, while others feature hydraulic calipers. The lack of standardized documentation means operators often rely on visual inspection and mechanical intuition.
Despite these challenges, the roller’s compact design and responsive controls make it a favorite for tight job sites. Operators appreciate its visibility and maneuverability, though brake reliability is essential for safety and slope control.
Conclusion
Brake system issues on the Case 252 vibratory roller are common but solvable with careful inspection and practical solutions. Whether dealing with cable tension, hydraulic pressure, or component wear, a methodical approach can restore full braking function and keep the machine safe and productive. In compaction work, stopping power is just as important as rolling force—and the Case 252 proves that even small rollers deserve serious attention.