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The Rise of the Cat 246 Skid Steer
The Caterpillar 246 skid steer loader was introduced in the early 2000s as part of Caterpillar’s push into compact construction equipment. Caterpillar Inc., founded in 1925, had long dominated the heavy equipment sector, but the compact market was growing rapidly. The 246 was designed to offer high hydraulic flow, robust lifting capacity, and operator comfort in a mid-frame size. It quickly became popular among contractors, landscapers, and municipalities. By 2005, Caterpillar had sold tens of thousands of units globally, and the 246 became a benchmark for reliability and performance in its class.
Original Engine Configuration and Common Failures
The early Cat 246 models were equipped with the 3034 Turbo diesel engine, a 4-cylinder powerplant that was essentially a rebadged Perkins engine. While Perkins engines have a long history of use in agricultural and industrial equipment, the 3034T in the 246 had mixed reviews. One notable failure mode involved catastrophic rod failure, where the connecting rod would break and puncture the engine block. This type of failure rendered the engine irreparable and required full replacement.
Operators who experienced this issue often found that remanufactured engines were expensive and difficult to source. Some explored alternative powerplants, including the John Deere 4024 and 4045 series, known for their tunability and rugged design. However, adapting these engines required extensive modification to mounts, wiring, and hydraulic interfaces.
The 3044C and 3024T Alternatives
Caterpillar later introduced the 3044C engine, manufactured by Mitsubishi, for use in the 246B and 248B models. This engine offered improved reliability, better cold starts, and higher horsepower—around 80 net hp compared to the Perkins’ 69 hp. The 3044C became the preferred choice for operators seeking a drop-in replacement with minimal modification.
Another option was the Perkins 3024T, which was more readily available and affordable. However, early versions of the 3024T had known issues:
Performance and Operator Impressions
Operators who installed the 3024T reported quiet operation and satisfactory power for general tasks. While it lacked the hydraulic grunt of the 3044C, it was sufficient for bucket loading, grading, and light excavation. One technician noted that joystick controls took some getting used to, especially for those accustomed to mechanical levers in Case machines.
In terms of longevity, updated 3024T engines have logged over 8000 hours in some units without major issues. This suggests that with proper maintenance and factory updates, the engine can perform reliably in demanding conditions.
Recommendations for Engine Replacement
When replacing a Cat 246 engine, consider the following:
During the mid-2000s construction boom, Caterpillar ramped up production of the “B” series machines. Some early units suffered from rushed engineering and quality control lapses. However, by the time the “B2” and “C” series were introduced, quality had improved significantly. Warranty claims dropped, and dealers reported fewer engine-related failures.
One operator recalled receiving a letter from Caterpillar inviting him to bring in his 246B for a sump pan update. This proactive approach helped restore confidence in the brand and reduced downtime for affected users.
Final Thoughts
The Cat 246 remains a versatile and dependable skid steer, but engine selection plays a critical role in long-term performance. While the original 3034T had its flaws, updated alternatives like the 3024T and 3044C offer viable paths forward. With careful planning and attention to detail, operators can restore their machines to full functionality and extend their service life for years to come.
The Caterpillar 246 skid steer loader was introduced in the early 2000s as part of Caterpillar’s push into compact construction equipment. Caterpillar Inc., founded in 1925, had long dominated the heavy equipment sector, but the compact market was growing rapidly. The 246 was designed to offer high hydraulic flow, robust lifting capacity, and operator comfort in a mid-frame size. It quickly became popular among contractors, landscapers, and municipalities. By 2005, Caterpillar had sold tens of thousands of units globally, and the 246 became a benchmark for reliability and performance in its class.
Original Engine Configuration and Common Failures
The early Cat 246 models were equipped with the 3034 Turbo diesel engine, a 4-cylinder powerplant that was essentially a rebadged Perkins engine. While Perkins engines have a long history of use in agricultural and industrial equipment, the 3034T in the 246 had mixed reviews. One notable failure mode involved catastrophic rod failure, where the connecting rod would break and puncture the engine block. This type of failure rendered the engine irreparable and required full replacement.
Operators who experienced this issue often found that remanufactured engines were expensive and difficult to source. Some explored alternative powerplants, including the John Deere 4024 and 4045 series, known for their tunability and rugged design. However, adapting these engines required extensive modification to mounts, wiring, and hydraulic interfaces.
The 3044C and 3024T Alternatives
Caterpillar later introduced the 3044C engine, manufactured by Mitsubishi, for use in the 246B and 248B models. This engine offered improved reliability, better cold starts, and higher horsepower—around 80 net hp compared to the Perkins’ 69 hp. The 3044C became the preferred choice for operators seeking a drop-in replacement with minimal modification.
Another option was the Perkins 3024T, which was more readily available and affordable. However, early versions of the 3024T had known issues:
- Head gasket failures: Often occurred at the same location due to poor sealing surface design
- Oil pickup tube collapse: The tube could be sucked into the block, starving the oil pump and causing low pressure
- Intake boot misalignment: Led to dust ingestion and premature wear
Performance and Operator Impressions
Operators who installed the 3024T reported quiet operation and satisfactory power for general tasks. While it lacked the hydraulic grunt of the 3044C, it was sufficient for bucket loading, grading, and light excavation. One technician noted that joystick controls took some getting used to, especially for those accustomed to mechanical levers in Case machines.
In terms of longevity, updated 3024T engines have logged over 8000 hours in some units without major issues. This suggests that with proper maintenance and factory updates, the engine can perform reliably in demanding conditions.
Recommendations for Engine Replacement
When replacing a Cat 246 engine, consider the following:
- Verify engine compatibility: Use the original engine tag and consult a parts manual
- Check for factory updates: Confirm sump pan size and oil pickup tube design
- Inspect intake system: Ensure clamps and boots are properly fitted to prevent dusting
- Choose based on application: For heavy-duty use, the 3044C offers better performance; for general tasks, the 3024T is cost-effective
- Consult with dealers: Some may offer refurbished engines with warranty and installation support
During the mid-2000s construction boom, Caterpillar ramped up production of the “B” series machines. Some early units suffered from rushed engineering and quality control lapses. However, by the time the “B2” and “C” series were introduced, quality had improved significantly. Warranty claims dropped, and dealers reported fewer engine-related failures.
One operator recalled receiving a letter from Caterpillar inviting him to bring in his 246B for a sump pan update. This proactive approach helped restore confidence in the brand and reduced downtime for affected users.
Final Thoughts
The Cat 246 remains a versatile and dependable skid steer, but engine selection plays a critical role in long-term performance. While the original 3034T had its flaws, updated alternatives like the 3024T and 3044C offer viable paths forward. With careful planning and attention to detail, operators can restore their machines to full functionality and extend their service life for years to come.
