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Overview of the 310SJ Backhoe
The John Deere 310SJ is part of the renowned 310 series of backhoe loaders, a product line that has shaped the construction and utility equipment landscape for decades. Introduced in the mid-2000s, the 310SJ was designed as a successor to the 310G, integrating improved hydraulics, enhanced operator comfort, and Tier 3 emissions compliance. Manufactured by Deere & Company, a firm founded in 1837 and headquartered in Moline, Illinois, the 310SJ quickly became a staple in North American fleets. By 2010, the 310 series had surpassed 250,000 units in cumulative global sales, with the SJ variant contributing significantly due to its balance of power, reliability, and affordability.
Understanding Fault Code 110.04
When a 310SJ displays fault code 110.04, it signals an engine temperature anomaly. This diagnostic code is part of the machine’s onboard monitoring system, which tracks vital parameters such as coolant temperature, oil pressure, and hydraulic fluid levels. Specifically, 110.04 indicates that the engine coolant temperature has exceeded the safe operating threshold, typically around 220°F (104°C). If sustained, this condition can lead to head gasket failure, warped cylinder heads, or even complete engine seizure.
Common Causes of Overheating
Several factors can trigger this fault:
Diagnostic and Troubleshooting Steps
Operators and technicians should follow a structured approach:
To avoid recurrence:
A veteran operator in Alberta recounted a situation where his 310SJ overheated during snow removal. The culprit? A cardboard sheet placed in front of the radiator to “keep the cab warm.” While common in cold climates, such improvisations can backfire. After removing the obstruction and installing a proper winter grille cover, the machine ran flawlessly.
In another case, a municipal fleet manager in Ohio discovered that several backhoes were using incompatible coolant types—mixing ethylene glycol with propylene glycol variants. This led to gelling and reduced heat transfer. A fleet-wide flush and standardization solved the issue.
Technical Terminology Explained
The 310SJ remains a workhorse in the backhoe loader category, but like all machines, it demands vigilant maintenance. Fault code 110.04 is not merely a nuisance—it’s a warning that, if ignored, can lead to costly repairs. By understanding the underlying systems, applying structured diagnostics, and learning from field experiences, operators can ensure their machines stay cool under pressure.
The John Deere 310SJ is part of the renowned 310 series of backhoe loaders, a product line that has shaped the construction and utility equipment landscape for decades. Introduced in the mid-2000s, the 310SJ was designed as a successor to the 310G, integrating improved hydraulics, enhanced operator comfort, and Tier 3 emissions compliance. Manufactured by Deere & Company, a firm founded in 1837 and headquartered in Moline, Illinois, the 310SJ quickly became a staple in North American fleets. By 2010, the 310 series had surpassed 250,000 units in cumulative global sales, with the SJ variant contributing significantly due to its balance of power, reliability, and affordability.
Understanding Fault Code 110.04
When a 310SJ displays fault code 110.04, it signals an engine temperature anomaly. This diagnostic code is part of the machine’s onboard monitoring system, which tracks vital parameters such as coolant temperature, oil pressure, and hydraulic fluid levels. Specifically, 110.04 indicates that the engine coolant temperature has exceeded the safe operating threshold, typically around 220°F (104°C). If sustained, this condition can lead to head gasket failure, warped cylinder heads, or even complete engine seizure.
Common Causes of Overheating
Several factors can trigger this fault:
- Coolant Depletion: Leaks in hoses, radiator, or water pump can reduce coolant volume.
- Thermostat Malfunction: A stuck thermostat may prevent coolant circulation.
- Radiator Blockage: Dust, debris, or internal corrosion can restrict airflow or fluid flow.
- Fan Failure: A broken fan clutch or motor reduces cooling efficiency.
- Sensor Error: Faulty temperature sensors may falsely report overheating.
Diagnostic and Troubleshooting Steps
Operators and technicians should follow a structured approach:
- Visual Inspection
Check for visible leaks, damaged hoses, and coolant level in the reservoir.
- Coolant Quality Check
Ensure the coolant is not contaminated or degraded. Use a refractometer to test freeze point and corrosion inhibitors.
- Thermostat Test
Remove and immerse the thermostat in hot water. It should begin to open around 180°F (82°C).
- Radiator Flow Test
Flush the radiator and observe flow rate. A slow drain may indicate internal blockage.
- Sensor Verification
Use a multimeter to test resistance across the temperature sensor terminals. Compare readings to manufacturer specs.
- ECU Scan
Connect a diagnostic tool to the machine’s CAN bus port and retrieve active and stored fault codes.
To avoid recurrence:
- Scheduled Maintenance: Replace coolant every 2,000 hours or 2 years, whichever comes first.
- Radiator Cleaning: Pressure wash fins monthly in dusty environments.
- Sensor Calibration: Verify sensor accuracy during annual service.
- Software Updates: Ensure ECU firmware is current to avoid false positives.
A veteran operator in Alberta recounted a situation where his 310SJ overheated during snow removal. The culprit? A cardboard sheet placed in front of the radiator to “keep the cab warm.” While common in cold climates, such improvisations can backfire. After removing the obstruction and installing a proper winter grille cover, the machine ran flawlessly.
In another case, a municipal fleet manager in Ohio discovered that several backhoes were using incompatible coolant types—mixing ethylene glycol with propylene glycol variants. This led to gelling and reduced heat transfer. A fleet-wide flush and standardization solved the issue.
Technical Terminology Explained
- ECU (Engine Control Unit): The onboard computer that monitors and controls engine parameters.
- CAN Bus: A communication protocol used in vehicles to connect electronic components.
- Thermostat: A valve that regulates coolant flow based on temperature.
- Coolant: A fluid that absorbs engine heat and dissipates it via the radiator.
- Sensor Resistance: Electrical property used to measure temperature changes.
The 310SJ remains a workhorse in the backhoe loader category, but like all machines, it demands vigilant maintenance. Fault code 110.04 is not merely a nuisance—it’s a warning that, if ignored, can lead to costly repairs. By understanding the underlying systems, applying structured diagnostics, and learning from field experiences, operators can ensure their machines stay cool under pressure.
