Towing a John Deere 315 Backhoe Loader Safely and Effectively

[MikePhua]

The John Deere 315 and Its Transport Profile
The John Deere 315 is a mid-sized backhoe loader designed for utility work, trenching, and light excavation. Introduced as part of Deere’s compact construction equipment lineup, it features a four-wheel drive chassis, a front loader with a lift capacity exceeding 3,000 kg, and a rear backhoe capable of digging over 4 meters deep. With an operating weight of approximately 7,000 to 8,000 kg depending on configuration, the 315 is roadable but not easily towable without proper preparation.
John Deere, founded in 1837, has sold millions of machines globally, and the 315 series has become a popular choice for municipalities, contractors, and rental fleets. Its compact footprint and versatile hydraulic system make it ideal for urban infrastructure and rural utility work. However, towing this machine requires careful attention to drivetrain protection, brake release, and weight distribution.
Key Considerations Before Towing
Towing a backhoe loader like the 315 is not as simple as hooking up a chain and pulling. The machine’s hydrostatic transmission, wet disc brakes, and planetary axles are designed for powered movement—not passive rolling.
Critical factors include:

• Transmission Type
  • The 315 uses a torque converter with a powershift transmission
    
  • Internal components can be damaged if rotated without lubrication
    
• Brake System
  • Wet disc brakes are spring-applied and hydraulically released
    
  • Without hydraulic pressure, the brakes remain locked
    
• Axle Configuration
  

• Planetary final drives resist rotation unless disengaged
  
• Front axle may have limited slip or differential lock
  

Terminology annotation:

• Wet Disc Brakes: A braking system where friction discs operate in an oil bath, providing smooth and durable stopping power.
  
• Torque Converter: A fluid coupling between the engine and transmission that multiplies torque and allows slippage during acceleration.
  
• Planetary Final Drive: A gear system that multiplies torque at the wheels, often sealed and lubricated internally.
  

In one incident in Colorado, a contractor attempted to tow a disabled 315 with a pickup truck. The brakes were locked, and the transmission was engaged. The result was a damaged output shaft and scorched brake discs, costing over $6,000 in repairs.
Safe Towing Procedure and Recommendations
To tow a John Deere 315 safely:

• Release Brakes
  • Locate the brake release port or manual override valve
    
  • Apply hydraulic pressure using an external pump or service tool
    
  • Confirm brake release by rotating wheels manually
    
• Disengage Transmission
  • Shift transmission to neutral
    
  • If engine is inoperable, ensure torque converter is not loaded
    
  • Avoid towing long distances without lubrication
    
• Use Proper Equipment
  • Tow vehicle must exceed 10,000 kg GVWR
    
  • Use rigid tow bars or heavy-duty chains rated for 20,000 kg
    
  • Attach to designated tow points on the frame—not loader arms or backhoe boom
    
• Limit Speed and Distance
  

• Tow at speeds below 10 km/h
  
• Avoid steep grades and sharp turns
  
• Use escort vehicles and warning flags if towing on public roads
  

In a fleet in Ontario, technicians used a hydraulic hand pump to release the brakes on a 315 before towing it 300 meters to a service bay. The machine was pulled with a lowboy trailer and winch, avoiding drivetrain rotation entirely.
Alternative Transport Options
If towing is not feasible or safe, consider:

• Flatbed Hauling
  • Use a tilt-deck or lowboy trailer rated for 10 tons
    
  • Load with ramps or winch if machine is disabled
    
  • Secure with four-point chain tie-downs and wheel chocks
    
• Winch Recovery
  • Use a hydraulic or electric winch rated for 15,000 kg
    
  • Pull from the front frame crossmember
    
  • Avoid pulling from loader bucket or backhoe boom
    
• Crane Lift
  

• For severely damaged machines, use a crane with spreader bar
  
• Lift from designated frame points using certified slings
  
• Balance load to prevent swing or rotation
  

In Texas, a utility crew lifted a 315 with a 20-ton crane after a rollover incident. The machine was placed on a trailer and transported to a rebuild facility without further damage.
Preventative Measures and Emergency Planning
To reduce the need for emergency towing:

• Maintain hydraulic fluid levels and monitor brake pressure
  
• Inspect tow points and label them clearly
  
• Train operators on brake release procedures
  
• Keep a portable hydraulic pump in service trucks
  
• Document towing protocols in fleet manuals
  

For rental fleets, include towing instructions in the operator’s binder. In Florida, a rental company added laminated towing cards to each machine, reducing damage incidents by 80% over two years.
Conclusion
Towing a John Deere 315 requires more than horsepower—it demands mechanical understanding, proper tools, and disciplined execution. Whether releasing brakes or disengaging the transmission, each step protects the machine’s integrity and ensures safe recovery. In the world of compact construction equipment, towing is not a shortcut—it’s a calculated maneuver. Done right, it saves time and money. Done wrong, it costs both.