Upgrading Hydraulics on a Bobcat S185: Is it Possible to Increase Flow GPH?

[MikePhua]

The Bobcat S185, a popular skid-steer loader, is known for its power, versatility, and compact design. However, operators sometimes find that the hydraulic flow rate (measured in gallons per minute, or GPM) on certain models may not meet the demands of specific attachments, particularly high-flow implements. For users looking to maximize the performance of their S185 or to accommodate more demanding equipment, the idea of upgrading the hydraulic flow rate can seem like an attractive option. But is this possible, and if so, what does the upgrade process entail?
Hydraulic System Basics on the Bobcat S185
The hydraulic system on a skid-steer loader like the Bobcat S185 is responsible for powering various implements, including buckets, augers, grapples, and other attachments. The hydraulic system consists of pumps, hoses, valves, and actuators that work together to transfer fluid to the attachment, enabling it to perform the desired tasks.
In the case of the Bobcat S185, the standard hydraulic flow is typically around 16.9 gallons per minute (GPM) at a pressure of 3,300 PSI. This is sufficient for most standard attachments, such as buckets and forks. However, certain high-flow attachments, such as hydraulic breakers, tree spades, or trenchers, may require higher flow rates to operate efficiently.
What is Hydraulic Flow and Why is It Important?
Hydraulic flow, measured in GPM, refers to the volume of hydraulic fluid that is moved through the system in one minute. Higher flow rates are necessary for attachments that require rapid or powerful hydraulic actuation, such as for powering large hydraulic motors or generating higher force for tasks like digging or breaking rock.

• Standard Flow: Typically, standard-flow hydraulics range from 10-20 GPM. These systems are used for smaller, less demanding attachments such as buckets and augers.
  
• High Flow: High-flow systems usually start around 20-30 GPM and can go up to 40 GPM or more. They are designed for attachments that require high hydraulic power, such as hydraulic breakers or larger augers.
  

Understanding the flow requirements for the attachments you plan to use is essential to determining if an upgrade is necessary. For example, using a high-flow attachment with a standard-flow hydraulic system can lead to slower operation, reduced performance, or even damage to the attachment or loader.
Upgrading Hydraulic Flow on the Bobcat S185
The possibility of upgrading the hydraulic flow on the Bobcat S185 depends on several factors, including the loader's specifications, hydraulic components, and compatibility with high-flow attachments. While it is technically feasible to upgrade the hydraulic flow on many skid-steers, including the S185, the process involves several considerations:

1. Assessing the Current System
   Before considering an upgrade, it’s important to evaluate the current hydraulic system of the S185. The S185 comes with a standard-flow system, and to upgrade to a high-flow system, you would need to check the compatibility of various components, including the hydraulic pump, hoses, and the valve system. Not all systems are easily upgradeable without replacing major components.
   
2. Upgrading the Hydraulic Pump
   One of the most common ways to increase hydraulic flow is by upgrading the hydraulic pump. The S185 typically comes with a standard-flow pump, but a high-flow pump can be installed as an upgrade. This would provide increased GPM, improving performance with high-flow attachments. However, replacing the pump requires significant technical expertise, as the new pump must be properly matched with the existing hydraulic components.
   
3. Changing Hydraulic Components
   In addition to upgrading the pump, other components such as hoses, fittings, and the control valves may also need to be upgraded to handle the increased flow. This is especially important if the flow rate exceeds the current system’s design limitations. Larger hoses and more durable fittings may be required to accommodate the higher volume of hydraulic fluid.
   
4. Compatibility with Attachments
   Before upgrading the flow, it's important to ensure that your high-flow attachments are compatible with the new system. Attachments designed for higher GPM ratings may not work efficiently with a standard-flow system. If you’re planning to use attachments like a hydraulic breaker, trencher, or tree spade, verify their required hydraulic specifications to ensure they will perform optimally with your upgraded system.
   
5. Cost and Complexity
   The cost of upgrading a hydraulic system on a skid-steer loader can vary significantly based on the parts and labor involved. A high-flow hydraulic pump and associated components can be expensive, and the labor involved in replacing or upgrading the hydraulic system can add to the overall cost. For many owners, upgrading the hydraulic system may not always be the most cost-effective solution, particularly if the machine’s current flow rate meets the majority of their attachment needs.
   

Considerations Before Upgrading
While upgrading the hydraulic system on a Bobcat S185 can provide a noticeable performance boost, there are several factors to consider before proceeding:

• Cost-Benefit Analysis: The cost of upgrading the system can be substantial, and it may be more cost-effective to invest in a newer, high-flow machine if high-flow attachments will be used frequently. Consider whether the investment in upgrading an older machine is justified by the expected performance gains.
  
• Warranty and Support: Modifying the hydraulic system may void any remaining warranty on the machine, depending on the manufacturer’s policies. Be sure to check with your dealer or manufacturer before making any modifications.
  
• Machine Longevity: Upgrading the hydraulic system to support higher flows could put additional strain on other components of the machine, including the engine and cooling system. Make sure that your S185 is in good overall condition and that it can handle the added stress before making any upgrades.
  
• Dealer Consultation: Always consult a Bobcat dealer or certified technician before attempting any upgrades. They can assess the feasibility of the upgrade, provide recommendations, and ensure that the new components are properly installed.
  

Alternatives to Upgrading the Hydraulic System
If upgrading the hydraulic flow isn’t practical or desirable, there are alternative options to consider:

1. Renting or Leasing High-Flow Machines
   If your needs for high-flow attachments are occasional, renting or leasing a higher-capacity skid-steer loader may be more cost-effective than upgrading your S185. This allows you to access the high-flow performance when necessary without the ongoing costs of a full upgrade.
   
2. Using Low-Flow Attachments
   If you frequently work with attachments that don’t require high hydraulic flow, using lower-flow alternatives may be a better fit for your S185. Many attachments can operate efficiently with standard-flow hydraulics, reducing the need for an upgrade altogether.
   
3. Purchasing a New Skid-Steer with High-Flow Capacity
   Another option is to invest in a new or used Bobcat skid-steer that is designed with high-flow hydraulics. The Bobcat S770, for example, offers high-flow hydraulics as standard, providing greater versatility and performance for demanding attachments.
   

Conclusion
Upgrading the hydraulic flow on a Bobcat S185 is possible but comes with considerations regarding cost, compatibility, and long-term viability. Depending on the frequency and type of high-flow attachments you plan to use, upgrading the hydraulic system may be worthwhile. However, it’s crucial to weigh the costs and potential strain on the machine against the benefits.
For those who only occasionally require high-flow performance, renting or leasing may be a more economical solution. Before proceeding with any upgrade, it’s always best to consult with an expert to ensure that the changes will improve performance without compromising the integrity or longevity of your skid-steer.