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Hydraulic systems are integral to the efficient operation of heavy machinery like excavators, and the John Deere 690E LC is no exception. One of the key features that can improve the versatility of this equipment is the addition of auxiliary hydraulic plumbing. Whether you're looking to install auxiliary hydraulics for operating attachments such as grapples, breakers, or augers, understanding how to set up and troubleshoot these systems is essential. In this article, we’ll cover the process of adding auxiliary hydraulics to a John Deere 690E LC excavator, the common challenges, and how to ensure smooth operation.
1. The Basics of Auxiliary Hydraulics on Excavators
Auxiliary hydraulics on an excavator refer to the plumbing and connections that allow the machine to power additional hydraulic attachments. These systems are powered by the excavator’s main hydraulic system, but they have their own dedicated controls for activating and operating the attachment.
There are two primary types of auxiliary hydraulic systems:
2. Understanding the Hydraulic Plumbing Setup
To add auxiliary hydraulics to the John Deere 690E LC, you need to understand the basic components and configuration of the hydraulic system:
Installing auxiliary hydraulics on a John Deere 690E LC involves several steps. While the process may vary depending on the specific configuration and model year, the following provides a general guide:
Step 1: Assess the Hydraulic Flow Requirements
Determine the flow rate and pressure needed by the attachments you plan to use. Different attachments require varying levels of hydraulic power, and the 690E LC’s auxiliary hydraulics can be configured to meet these demands. It’s crucial to check the specifications of the attachment and match them with the excavator’s output.
The auxiliary control valve is responsible for directing hydraulic fluid to the attachment. On the John Deere 690E LC, this valve is typically mounted on the machine’s arm or boom and connected to the main hydraulic circuit.
The auxiliary hydraulic lines must be connected to the attachment using quick-connect couplers. These couplers allow for easy attachment changes in the field without the need for specialized tools.
The return line is just as important as the supply line. It carries used hydraulic fluid back to the tank, and improper installation can lead to excessive pressure buildup or fluid leakage.
Once the installation is complete, it’s important to test the system thoroughly. Start the excavator and activate the auxiliary circuit to check for proper fluid flow, pressure, and operation of the attachment. Look for signs of leaks or unusual pressure readings.
Even after successful installation, there are several issues that may arise with the auxiliary hydraulic plumbing. Here are some common problems and their solutions:
a. Low Hydraulic Pressure
If the auxiliary attachment is not operating at full capacity, the problem may lie in low hydraulic pressure.
If the attachment is unresponsive to the control, there may be an issue with the electrical connections or a malfunctioning valve.
Hydraulic leaks are a common issue in any system, and auxiliary hydraulics are no exception.
Adding auxiliary hydraulics to a John Deere 690E LC excavator is a great way to increase the machine’s versatility and productivity. By carefully selecting the right components, properly installing the hydraulic plumbing, and conducting regular maintenance, operators can ensure that their auxiliary hydraulic systems perform optimally. Troubleshooting common issues like low pressure or unresponsive attachments is also essential to keeping the system running smoothly. With the right setup, this addition to your equipment can significantly enhance performance on a wide range of jobs, from demolition to material handling.
1. The Basics of Auxiliary Hydraulics on Excavators
Auxiliary hydraulics on an excavator refer to the plumbing and connections that allow the machine to power additional hydraulic attachments. These systems are powered by the excavator’s main hydraulic system, but they have their own dedicated controls for activating and operating the attachment.
There are two primary types of auxiliary hydraulic systems:
- Single-Acting Hydraulics: These systems use hydraulic pressure in one direction (e.g., to push a cylinder or activate a tool) but rely on spring return or gravity to return the attachment to its neutral position.
- Double-Acting Hydraulics: These systems provide hydraulic pressure in both directions, allowing full control of the attachment's movements.
2. Understanding the Hydraulic Plumbing Setup
To add auxiliary hydraulics to the John Deere 690E LC, you need to understand the basic components and configuration of the hydraulic system:
- Hydraulic Pump: The excavator’s main hydraulic pump powers all the hydraulic functions, including the boom, stick, bucket, and auxiliary circuits. The pump generates pressurized fluid, which is then distributed through hoses and pipes to the various functions of the machine.
- Control Valve: The control valve is crucial in managing the flow of hydraulic fluid to the various parts of the machine, including the auxiliary circuit. The valve regulates the pressure and directs the fluid flow to the correct location.
- Couplers and Connectors: Quick-connect couplers are used to connect the auxiliary plumbing to the attachment. These connectors are typically designed for ease of use, allowing operators to quickly switch attachments without the need for additional tools.
- Return Line: The return line is the part of the system that allows hydraulic fluid to return to the tank after it has been used. Ensuring that the return line is properly connected and sized is critical to preventing overpressure and ensuring smooth operation.
Installing auxiliary hydraulics on a John Deere 690E LC involves several steps. While the process may vary depending on the specific configuration and model year, the following provides a general guide:
Step 1: Assess the Hydraulic Flow Requirements
Determine the flow rate and pressure needed by the attachments you plan to use. Different attachments require varying levels of hydraulic power, and the 690E LC’s auxiliary hydraulics can be configured to meet these demands. It’s crucial to check the specifications of the attachment and match them with the excavator’s output.
- Flow Rate: Most modern excavators, including the 690E LC, offer flow rates ranging from 20-40 gallons per minute (GPM), which is adequate for many types of attachments.
- Pressure Rating: Ensure that the hydraulic pressure in the auxiliary circuit matches the attachment's requirements, typically between 3,000 and 5,000 psi, depending on the attachment.
The auxiliary control valve is responsible for directing hydraulic fluid to the attachment. On the John Deere 690E LC, this valve is typically mounted on the machine’s arm or boom and connected to the main hydraulic circuit.
- Plumbing Connections: The control valve must be plumbed into the main hydraulic lines. This typically involves cutting into the lines that carry fluid to the boom or arm functions, then routing them through the valve.
- Electrical Connections: Some auxiliary valves may require electrical connections to control solenoids, which regulate the valve’s operation. Ensure these electrical connections are securely made, following the machine's wiring diagram.
The auxiliary hydraulic lines must be connected to the attachment using quick-connect couplers. These couplers allow for easy attachment changes in the field without the need for specialized tools.
- Coupler Placement: Mount the couplers on the arm or stick of the excavator in a location where they are accessible but not prone to damage during operation.
- Sealing and Protection: Ensure that the couplers are securely connected, and use caps to protect the couplers from dirt and debris when not in use.
The return line is just as important as the supply line. It carries used hydraulic fluid back to the tank, and improper installation can lead to excessive pressure buildup or fluid leakage.
- Sizing the Return Line: Ensure the return line is large enough to handle the flow rate of the hydraulic system. Undersized return lines can cause pressure buildup and decrease the system’s efficiency.
Once the installation is complete, it’s important to test the system thoroughly. Start the excavator and activate the auxiliary circuit to check for proper fluid flow, pressure, and operation of the attachment. Look for signs of leaks or unusual pressure readings.
- Check for Leaks: After activation, visually inspect all hydraulic connections for any leaks or signs of fluid spray. Tighten or replace any faulty connections.
- Cycle the Attachment: If possible, cycle the attachment through its full range of motion to ensure smooth operation and no blockages or restrictions in the fluid flow.
Even after successful installation, there are several issues that may arise with the auxiliary hydraulic plumbing. Here are some common problems and their solutions:
a. Low Hydraulic Pressure
If the auxiliary attachment is not operating at full capacity, the problem may lie in low hydraulic pressure.
- Cause: A clogged filter, an improperly sized hose, or a defective control valve can reduce the hydraulic pressure.
- Solution: Check the pressure setting on the control valve, inspect the filter for blockages, and confirm that hoses are properly sized and free of kinks or obstructions.
If the attachment is unresponsive to the control, there may be an issue with the electrical connections or a malfunctioning valve.
- Cause: Solenoid failure, electrical wiring issues, or hydraulic fluid contamination.
- Solution: Check the solenoid and wiring for continuity, inspect the valve for proper operation, and ensure the hydraulic fluid is clean and at the correct level.
Hydraulic leaks are a common issue in any system, and auxiliary hydraulics are no exception.
- Cause: Loose fittings, cracked hoses, or damaged seals can all lead to leaks.
- Solution: Tighten all fittings and replace any damaged hoses or seals. Be sure to use the correct type of sealant to prevent further leaks.
Adding auxiliary hydraulics to a John Deere 690E LC excavator is a great way to increase the machine’s versatility and productivity. By carefully selecting the right components, properly installing the hydraulic plumbing, and conducting regular maintenance, operators can ensure that their auxiliary hydraulic systems perform optimally. Troubleshooting common issues like low pressure or unresponsive attachments is also essential to keeping the system running smoothly. With the right setup, this addition to your equipment can significantly enhance performance on a wide range of jobs, from demolition to material handling.
