Troubleshooting Bobcat Tree Spade Issues: Solutions and Tips

[MikePhua]

Bobcat tree spades are highly versatile attachments used for tree and shrub relocation, making them a favorite in landscaping, nursery, and forestry applications. These tools allow operators to efficiently dig up and transport trees with minimal root disturbance, ensuring the trees’ survival and healthy replanting. However, like any piece of machinery, tree spades can encounter issues that need attention for proper functioning. If you're facing difficulties with your Bobcat tree spade, understanding common problems and solutions can save you time and money. This article outlines common tree spade issues, diagnostic steps, and effective solutions to get your equipment back to work.
Understanding the Bobcat Tree Spade
A tree spade is a hydraulic-powered attachment that allows for the removal and relocation of trees with their root systems intact. It consists of a set of digging blades shaped like a spade that, when activated, dig into the ground and around the root ball of the tree. Once the tree is lifted from the ground, it can be moved to a new location.
Bobcat tree spades are especially useful for transplanting mature trees, which can otherwise be difficult to move due to their size and complex root systems. These attachments come in different sizes and configurations, allowing them to be used on various types of trees and landscaping projects.
Common Issues with Bobcat Tree Spades
While Bobcat tree spades are generally reliable and well-engineered, there are a few common issues that operators may face. Below, we’ll explore some of the most frequently encountered problems and what might be causing them.

1. Tree Spade Blades Not Moving Properly
   One of the most common problems with a Bobcat tree spade is when the blades don’t move as expected. The blades should rotate smoothly and dig into the ground efficiently, but sometimes they may not move or operate sluggishly.
   Possible Causes:
   • Hydraulic fluid issues: If the hydraulic fluid level is low or contaminated, it can cause the blades to move sluggishly or stop working entirely. This could also result from air in the hydraulic lines.
     
   • Hydraulic system leak: A leak in the hydraulic system can prevent the blades from functioning correctly, as the pressure required for operation is compromised.
     
   • Clogged or damaged hydraulic lines: Any obstruction in the hydraulic lines or a kinked hose could prevent the proper flow of hydraulic fluid, leading to blade malfunction.
     
   Solution:
   • Check the hydraulic fluid levels and ensure they meet the manufacturer's specifications. Top up or replace the fluid as necessary.
     
   • Inspect for leaks in the hydraulic hoses and connectors. Repair or replace any damaged components.
     
   • Purge air from the system to restore hydraulic pressure.
     
2. Tree Spade Not Digging Deep Enough
   Another common issue is when the tree spade fails to dig deep enough to properly lift the tree with its root ball. This can lead to the tree being uprooted improperly, risking damage to the roots.
   Possible Causes:
   • Improper adjustment: Some models allow for adjustments to the depth of the blades. If the depth is set incorrectly, the tree spade may not dig deep enough.
     
   • Wear on blades: Over time, the digging blades can become dull or damaged, reducing their ability to penetrate the soil and gather the root ball effectively.
     
   Solution:
   • Adjust the depth control to the correct setting. Ensure that the tree spade blades are set to the proper depth for the size of the tree being transplanted.
     
   • Inspect and sharpen or replace the blades if they are worn or damaged. Dull blades can make it much harder to dig deep enough, especially in harder soil conditions.
     
3. Uneven Lifting or Stability Issues
   If the tree spade isn’t lifting the tree evenly or is struggling to stabilize the load, it may be a sign of a mechanical or hydraulic issue. The tree should be lifted with a balanced, even pressure to avoid root damage or tilting.
   Possible Causes:
   • Uneven pressure in hydraulic lines: If the hydraulic pressure isn’t balanced, one side of the tree spade may lift more than the other, causing an uneven pull.
     
   • Worn out or bent components: Over time, parts of the tree spade may wear down or become bent, causing uneven lifting.
     
   • Improper attachment of the tree spade: If the attachment isn’t properly aligned with the machine, it can result in uneven lifting.
     
   Solution:
   • Check the hydraulic system for leaks or uneven pressure, and make sure both hydraulic cylinders are operating in sync.
     
   • Inspect the tree spade for damage. Check the lifting arms, blades, and frame for any signs of wear or misalignment. Replace or repair any parts as needed.
     
   • Ensure the tree spade is securely attached to the Bobcat loader and is properly aligned for operation.
     
4. Difficulty Removing the Tree from the Ground
   Sometimes, the tree spade may not be able to fully lift the tree out of the ground, especially if the soil is very compact or the tree’s root system is unusually large or tangled.
   Possible Causes:
   • Compact soil: Hard, compact soil or rocky ground can make it difficult for the tree spade blades to penetrate deep enough to gather the root ball.
     
   • Root-bound trees: Some trees develop tightly bound root systems that can make them difficult to uproot.
     
   Solution:
   • Loosen compact soil by using the tree spade in a circular motion around the tree, ensuring that the soil is adequately loosened before attempting to lift the tree.
     
   • Use a root-pruning technique before using the tree spade to cut through any compacted roots or root-bound sections of the tree.
     
   • If necessary, use a small backhoe or auger to assist in loosening the soil further.
     

General Maintenance Tips for Bobcat Tree Spades
To keep your Bobcat tree spade in top condition and avoid common issues, regular maintenance is key. Here are some essential tips:

1. Regularly Check and Change Hydraulic Fluid
   The hydraulic system is the heart of the tree spade, so keeping the fluid clean and at the correct level is essential for proper operation. Make sure to change the hydraulic fluid at the intervals specified by the manufacturer.
   
2. Inspect and Clean the Blades
   The blades of the tree spade should be regularly cleaned and sharpened to maintain optimal digging performance. Dull blades will reduce the effectiveness of the tree spade and can make the process much more difficult.
   
3. Lubricate Moving Parts
   Regular lubrication of all moving components will ensure smooth operation and help prevent wear and tear. Pay attention to the hinges and pivot points of the tree spade to avoid rust and friction.
   
4. Check for Damage After Each Use
   After every use, perform a quick inspection of the tree spade for any damage. Look for bent parts, worn-out seals, or hydraulic leaks that could affect future operations.
   

Conclusion: Maintaining Your Bobcat Tree Spade for Optimal Performance
Bobcat tree spades are powerful tools that make tree relocation easier and more efficient. However, like any heavy equipment, they require regular maintenance and occasional troubleshooting to ensure smooth operation. By understanding the common issues that can arise and knowing how to address them, you can keep your tree spade functioning optimally and avoid costly repairs.
Whether you're working on a landscaping project, running a nursery, or involved in forestry operations, a well-maintained tree spade can save time and effort while ensuring the successful relocation of trees. By following these tips and staying on top of regular maintenance, your Bobcat tree spade will remain an invaluable tool for years to come.