Troubleshooting Bobcat 864 Tilt Issues: A Guide to Diagnosing and Fixing the Problem

[MikePhua]

The Bobcat 864, a popular skid-steer loader, is a versatile machine often used for a wide range of tasks in construction, landscaping, and material handling. However, like all heavy machinery, it can experience issues from time to time. One common problem reported by users is when the tilt function stops working, and no diagnostic codes are generated to indicate the cause. This can be frustrating, but with the right troubleshooting steps, you can get your Bobcat 864 back to full operation.
Understanding the Bobcat 864 Tilt Mechanism
The tilt function on a skid-steer loader like the Bobcat 864 is essential for many tasks, especially when using attachments like buckets, forks, or grapples. The tilt function is controlled by hydraulic cylinders that adjust the angle of the attachment. When the tilt function fails, it’s often due to an issue in the hydraulic system, electrical components, or the joystick controls.
Unlike other issues that may trigger fault codes in the system, tilt failures can sometimes occur without generating error codes, making troubleshooting more challenging. To properly address this issue, it's important to understand how the tilt system works and the most common causes for failure.
Common Causes for Tilt Issues on the Bobcat 864

1. Hydraulic System Problems
   The tilt mechanism on the Bobcat 864 is powered by hydraulics, so any issues in the hydraulic system can cause the tilt to stop functioning. Some common hydraulic-related problems include:
   • Low Hydraulic Fluid Levels: If the fluid levels are too low, the system may not have enough pressure to power the tilt function properly.
     
   • Hydraulic Leaks: Leaks in the hydraulic lines or components can reduce the system's pressure, preventing the tilt from working.
     
   • Clogged or Dirty Hydraulic Filters: A clogged filter can restrict the flow of hydraulic fluid, resulting in poor performance or complete failure of the tilt function.
     
   • Faulty Hydraulic Cylinders or Valves: If the hydraulic cylinders or valves controlling the tilt function are damaged or worn out, the tilt may not engage.
     
2. Electrical System Malfunctions
   The Bobcat 864 relies on electrical components to control the hydraulic functions, including the tilt. If there is a problem with the electrical system, it can prevent the tilt from working, even if the hydraulics are functioning correctly. Some electrical issues to check include:
   • Wiring or Connection Problems: Loose or corroded wires can interfere with signals being sent to the hydraulic control valves, preventing the tilt from engaging.
     
   • Faulty Joystick Controls: The joystick control is responsible for sending electrical signals to the hydraulic system to engage the tilt. If the joystick is faulty or malfunctioning, it may fail to communicate the correct signals.
     
   • Blown Fuses or Relays: If a fuse or relay controlling the tilt function has blown, the circuit may be incomplete, preventing the tilt from working.
     
3. Joystick Control Issues
   The joystick on the Bobcat 864 is a critical component for controlling various machine functions, including the tilt. Over time, joysticks can wear out or become misaligned, leading to problems with responsiveness. If the joystick fails to send the correct signals to the hydraulic system, the tilt function may not engage. Here are some things to look for:
   • Loose or Stiff Joystick: If the joystick feels loose, stiff, or unresponsive, it may need to be cleaned or replaced.
     
   • Worn-out or Misaligned Components: The internal components of the joystick, such as potentiometers and springs, can wear out or become misaligned, affecting its performance.
     
4. Control Valve Problems
   The tilt function is controlled by a series of valves that regulate the flow of hydraulic fluid. If one of these valves becomes stuck, clogged, or damaged, it can prevent the tilt from functioning correctly. Problems with the control valves are usually harder to diagnose without professional tools, but they can be identified by a lack of movement in the tilt system despite normal hydraulic pressure.
   
5. Faulty Pressure Switches
   The pressure switches in the hydraulic system monitor the fluid pressure and send signals to the machine’s computer system. If a pressure switch is faulty or stuck, it can incorrectly signal the machine’s control system that the tilt function is operating normally, even if it isn’t. This may prevent error codes from being generated and leave the operator unsure of the exact issue.
   

How to Troubleshoot the Bobcat 864 Tilt Function

1. Check the Hydraulic Fluid Level
   The first thing you should do when experiencing tilt issues is to check the hydraulic fluid level. Low fluid levels can cause a variety of performance issues, including a malfunctioning tilt function. Make sure the fluid is at the correct level and top it off if necessary.
   
2. Inspect for Hydraulic Leaks
   Look for any visible hydraulic leaks around the tilt cylinders, hoses, or valves. Even a small leak can cause a significant drop in hydraulic pressure, leading to a lack of power for the tilt system. If you find any leaks, repair them before continuing.
   
3. Examine the Hydraulic Filters
   Dirty or clogged hydraulic filters can restrict the flow of fluid and affect the performance of the tilt. Check the filters and replace them if they appear dirty or damaged.
   
4. Test the Joystick Controls
   If the hydraulics seem to be working correctly, test the joystick controls. Ensure that the joystick moves freely and that there are no signs of damage or wear. If the joystick feels unresponsive, it may need cleaning or replacing.
   
5. Check the Electrical Connections
   Inspect all wiring and electrical connections related to the tilt function. Look for loose, corroded, or damaged wires. If any wires appear to be faulty, repair or replace them as needed.
   
6. Examine the Control Valves
   If the above steps don’t resolve the issue, you may need to inspect the hydraulic control valves. This requires a more advanced understanding of the hydraulic system, and it may be best to consult a professional mechanic or technician for this step.
   
7. Check Fuses and Relays
   Ensure that all fuses and relays related to the tilt function are intact. Replace any blown fuses or faulty relays to restore electrical functionality to the system.
   

When to Call a Professional
If you've gone through these troubleshooting steps and the tilt function still isn’t working, it may be time to call a professional. A trained technician can run a full diagnostic check on the electrical and hydraulic systems, identifying any hidden issues with the valves, pressure switches, or other components that could be causing the problem.
Conclusion
The tilt malfunction on a Bobcat 864 can stem from a variety of causes, from hydraulic issues to electrical or joystick problems. By methodically checking each system, from fluid levels to control valves, you can usually pinpoint the problem and take the necessary steps to fix it. If you're unsure or unable to diagnose the issue, don't hesitate to seek professional help. Keeping your Bobcat 864 in top working condition will ensure that you can continue to rely on it for all your heavy-duty tasks.