Troubleshooting and Repairing a Blown Track Adjustment Seal on a Skid Steer Loader

[MikePhua]

Skid steer loaders are known for their versatility and ability to tackle tough terrain. However, like any heavy machinery, these machines are subject to wear and tear, and some components are more susceptible to damage than others. One such component is the track adjustment system, which is essential for maintaining proper tension on the tracks.
A common issue that can arise in track loaders, including skid steers, is a "blown track adjustment seal." This issue can cause the track adjustment mechanism to lose pressure, leading to potential damage to the tracks or the inability to maintain proper track tension. In this article, we will explore the causes of blown track adjustment seals, how to diagnose and repair them, and tips for preventing future issues.
1. Understanding the Track Adjustment System
Before diving into repairs, it's essential to understand how the track adjustment system works. The system is designed to maintain the correct tension on the machine's tracks, ensuring optimal performance and longevity. The adjustment mechanism uses hydraulic pressure to either tighten or loosen the tracks depending on the machine’s needs.
The track adjustment mechanism typically consists of the following components:

• Track Adjuster: This is the hydraulic cylinder that adjusts the tension of the track. It either expands or contracts to provide the necessary tension.
  
• Seal: The seal is located around the hydraulic cylinder and helps prevent fluid from leaking out of the adjustment system. It maintains pressure within the system to ensure it works effectively.
  
• Grease Fitting: Grease is often used in conjunction with the hydraulic system to keep the track adjustment mechanism lubricated and functioning smoothly.
  

When a seal blows, it typically means that the pressure within the track adjustment system is being lost, which can lead to improper track tension.
2. Signs of a Blown Track Adjustment Seal
There are several indicators that a track adjustment seal may be blown or failing. These include:

• Loss of Track Tension: If the track becomes loose or you notice uneven wear on the tracks, it may be due to a loss of pressure in the adjustment system caused by a blown seal.
  
• Visible Leaks: A blown seal will often result in hydraulic fluid leaking out of the track adjustment mechanism. This can be easily spotted as a visible puddle or spray of fluid around the adjustment area.
  
• Difficulty Adjusting Tracks: If you are unable to adjust the tracks or the adjustment feels "spongy," it could indicate a loss of hydraulic pressure due to a blown seal.
  
• Track Slippage or Squealing: A loose track can cause the machine to slip or make excessive noise while in operation. This is a sign that the tracks are not being properly tensioned.
  

3. Diagnosing the Problem: Identifying a Blown Track Adjustment Seal
The first step in addressing a blown track adjustment seal is to properly diagnose the issue. Here’s how to identify if the seal is the problem:

• Inspect the Adjustment Area: Start by visually inspecting the track adjustment mechanism. Look for any signs of hydraulic fluid leakage around the adjustment cylinder. The presence of fluid leaking from the seal is a clear sign that it is blown.
  
• Check Fluid Levels: If you notice a significant drop in the hydraulic fluid level, it could be due to the loss of fluid through the blown seal. Check the fluid reservoir and top up if necessary.
  
• Test Track Tension: Try adjusting the track tension. If the system feels unresponsive or the track is too loose, the seal may be allowing fluid to escape, preventing proper adjustment.
  
• Listen for Abnormal Noises: If the track is slipping or making unusual noises, it could be a sign that the track tension is insufficient due to a blown seal.
  

4. Repairing the Blown Track Adjustment Seal
Once you’ve confirmed that the track adjustment seal is blown, the next step is to replace it. This process involves the following steps:

• 1. Secure the Machine: Begin by parking the machine on a level surface and engaging the parking brake. Ensure that the machine is properly supported before you start working on the track system.
  
• 2. Remove the Track: Depending on the type of skid steer or track loader, you may need to remove the track to access the track adjuster. This can involve loosening bolts and using appropriate lifting equipment to take the weight off the track.
  
• 3. Locate the Track Adjuster and Seal: Once the track is removed, locate the track adjuster cylinder. The blown seal will typically be located around the cylinder, where it is responsible for keeping hydraulic fluid in place.
  
• 4. Drain Hydraulic Fluid: Before you replace the seal, you will need to drain the hydraulic fluid from the system. This step is important to prevent any fluid from leaking while working on the system.
  
• 5. Remove the Old Seal: Using the appropriate tools, carefully remove the old, blown seal. Be cautious not to damage the cylinder or surrounding components during this step.
  
• 6. Clean and Inspect the Components: Before installing the new seal, thoroughly clean the track adjuster and surrounding area. Inspect the cylinder and any other components for wear or damage. If any parts are damaged, they should be replaced to prevent further issues.
  
• 7. Install the New Seal: Install the new seal around the track adjuster cylinder. Ensure that it is seated properly and is the correct size for your machine. Apply a light coat of hydraulic fluid to the new seal to help it slide into place.
  
• 8. Refill Hydraulic Fluid: Once the seal is installed, refill the hydraulic system with the appropriate hydraulic fluid. Ensure that the fluid is the right type and meets the manufacturer’s specifications.
  
• 9. Reassemble and Test: After the seal replacement, reassemble the track system and adjust the track tension. Test the system to ensure that it is functioning properly and that the new seal is holding pressure.
  

5. Preventive Maintenance to Avoid Blown Seals
While track adjustment seals can wear out over time, regular maintenance can help extend their lifespan and prevent issues before they arise. Here are some preventive maintenance tips:

• Regularly Check Hydraulic Fluid Levels: Keeping the hydraulic fluid levels at the recommended level will help maintain proper pressure in the track adjustment system and reduce strain on the seals.
  
• Inspect the Track System: Regularly inspect the track system for signs of leaks, wear, or damage. Early detection of potential issues can help prevent blown seals.
  
• Lubricate Moving Parts: Ensure that all moving parts in the track adjustment system are properly lubricated to prevent friction that could lead to seal failure.
  
• Avoid Over-tightening Tracks: While it’s important to keep the tracks properly tensioned, over-tightening can place unnecessary strain on the track adjusters and seals. Follow the manufacturer’s recommended tension specifications.
  

6. Conclusion: Keeping Your Track Loader in Top Condition
A blown track adjustment seal can cause significant performance issues in your skid steer or track loader, but with the right knowledge and tools, it can be repaired effectively. By regularly inspecting the track adjustment system, addressing leaks or fluid loss promptly, and performing routine maintenance, you can extend the life of your machine and prevent costly repairs.
Remember, the key to avoiding problems with track tension is to stay on top of your machine’s maintenance. By keeping the hydraulic system in top shape and replacing seals as needed, you’ll ensure that your track loader continues to perform at its best, reducing downtime and improving productivity.