Dealing with a Dead Skid Steer: Troubleshooting and Recovery

[MikePhua]

Introduction
Skid steers are invaluable machines on construction sites, but when they fail to start or stop running unexpectedly, it can bring operations to a halt. One user recently shared their experience of having to pick up a dead skid steer, and in this article, we'll go through the steps of diagnosing and troubleshooting common issues that could cause a skid steer to stop working.
Common Causes for a Dead Skid Steer
There are several reasons why a skid steer may fail to start or stop running. These can range from simple issues like a dead battery to more complex mechanical or electrical failures. Here are some of the most common causes:

1. Dead Battery
   Symptoms: The machine shows no signs of power, and no lights or sounds come from the ignition when attempting to start.
   Troubleshooting:
   • Check the battery: A common cause for a dead skid steer is a drained or faulty battery. If you have access to a multimeter, test the battery’s voltage to see if it’s within the recommended range (usually around 12.6 volts).
     
   • Inspect battery terminals: Corroded or loose battery terminals can cause a poor connection, preventing the machine from starting. Clean the terminals with a wire brush and reconnect them tightly.
     
2. Fuel Issues
   Symptoms: The engine cranks but doesn’t start, or it starts briefly before shutting off.
   Troubleshooting:
   • Check fuel levels: It sounds simple, but sometimes the fuel gauge may be inaccurate, or there might not be enough fuel to start the engine.
     
   • Inspect fuel filters: Clogged fuel filters can prevent proper fuel flow, leading to starting problems. Replacing a dirty filter is a simple fix that can often resolve the issue.
     
   • Check the fuel pump: If you suspect that fuel isn’t reaching the engine, the fuel pump may be faulty. Inspect it for wear and tear or potential failure.
     
3. Electrical System Failure
   Symptoms: Lights may flicker or the engine may not crank at all.
   Troubleshooting:
   • Check fuses and relays: A blown fuse or relay can cause an electrical failure. Check the fuse box and replace any blown fuses.
     
   • Test the starter motor: If the engine cranks but won’t start, the starter motor or solenoid may be malfunctioning. A technician can test the starter motor’s operation to confirm if it’s at fault.
     
4. Ignition System Problems
   Symptoms: The engine cranks but fails to start, or you hear a clicking sound when turning the key.
   Troubleshooting:
   • Inspect the ignition switch: A faulty ignition switch can prevent the engine from starting. If you notice signs of wear or the key doesn’t turn smoothly, it might need to be replaced.
     
   • Test the spark plugs: Worn or damaged spark plugs can prevent the engine from firing. Remove the spark plugs and inspect them for wear or corrosion, replacing them if needed.
     
5. Hydraulic System Malfunctions
   Symptoms: The machine doesn’t start, or it runs intermittently and then shuts down.
   Troubleshooting:
   • Check hydraulic fluid levels: Low hydraulic fluid can cause a skid steer to fail to start or operate correctly. Ensure the fluid is at the correct level.
     
   • Look for leaks: Leaks in the hydraulic system can lead to insufficient pressure and cause operational issues. Inspect hoses, seals, and fittings for signs of wear or damage.
     
6. Starter Circuit Problems
   Symptoms: The engine doesn’t turn over when the key is engaged.
   Troubleshooting:
   • Examine the starter circuit: The issue could lie with the starter circuit, which includes the key switch, relay, and wiring. Trace the wiring for any visible signs of damage or wear, and test the relay with a multimeter to ensure proper operation.
     

Steps for Recovery
When dealing with a dead skid steer, the first priority is to safely move the machine. If the machine is immobile or stuck, follow these steps for recovery:

1. Check the Machine’s Position: Before attempting to move a non-starting skid steer, check if it is in a safe position. Make sure it’s not blocking any pathways or working areas, and assess the terrain around it.
   
2. Use a Tow or Trailer: If the machine is stuck or completely unresponsive, use a flatbed trailer or a tow truck to transport the skid steer to a location where it can be diagnosed and repaired. Make sure to secure the machine during transport to prevent further damage.
   
3. Manual Override: In some cases, skid steers come with a manual override system to help free the machine if it becomes stuck. Check the owner’s manual for specific instructions on how to engage the override mechanism.
   

Preventive Measures for Avoiding Future Issues
To prevent future breakdowns or issues with your skid steer, follow these preventive maintenance practices:

1. Regularly inspect and replace fluids: Ensure that hydraulic fluid, engine oil, and fuel filters are changed at regular intervals. Keeping fluid levels topped off can prevent many mechanical failures.
   
2. Battery maintenance: Clean battery terminals regularly to prevent corrosion, and check the battery’s charge before use to avoid dead battery issues.
   
3. Keep fuel and air filters clean: Clogged filters can significantly reduce performance. Regularly inspect and clean or replace the filters as needed.
   
4. Monitor tire and track condition: A skid steer with worn tires or tracks can struggle with movement and performance. Keep an eye on their condition and replace them when necessary.
   

Conclusion
Dealing with a dead skid steer can be frustrating, but with proper troubleshooting and maintenance, the issue can usually be resolved quickly. By addressing common problems like battery issues, fuel system malfunctions, and electrical failures, operators can get their machines back up and running in no time.
For more complex issues, it’s always a good idea to consult a professional technician to avoid causing further damage. Regular maintenance and timely repairs will help ensure that your skid steer remains reliable and operational for the long haul.