Troubleshooting a Dead John Deere 855 Tractor

[MikePhua]

Introduction to the John Deere 855
The John Deere 855 is a compact utility tractor that is highly valued for its versatility in farming, landscaping, and light construction tasks. However, like any piece of machinery, it can encounter issues that affect its operation. One such problem is the tractor failing to start or running dead, a situation that can leave operators frustrated. In this article, we will discuss common causes and troubleshooting tips for resolving a dead John Deere 855.
Common Issues Leading to a Dead John Deere 855
1. Dead Battery
A dead or weak battery is one of the most common causes of starting issues in the John Deere 855. Over time, batteries lose their charge or become worn out, making it difficult for the starter motor to engage.
Troubleshooting Tip:

• Check the battery voltage using a multimeter. If the voltage is below 12 volts, the battery may need to be recharged or replaced.
  
• Inspect the battery terminals for corrosion or loose connections. Clean the terminals and tighten the connections as needed.
  
• If the battery is old or not holding a charge, replacing it is the best solution.
  

2. Faulty Fuses or Relays
If the tractor is completely dead and not responding to attempts to start, the issue might be electrical. Fuses and relays control various components, and a blown fuse or malfunctioning relay can prevent the tractor from starting.
Troubleshooting Tip:

• Locate the fuse box and check all the fuses for any signs of damage or burns. If a fuse is blown, replace it with a new one of the correct amperage.
  
• Test relays using a multimeter or swap with a known good relay to check if the relay is the issue.
  

3. Starter Motor Problems
If the battery and fuses are in good condition but the tractor still won’t start, the starter motor could be the culprit. A worn or faulty starter motor may not engage, preventing the engine from turning over.
Troubleshooting Tip:

• Listen for a clicking sound when you turn the key. If you hear a click but the engine doesn’t turn over, the starter motor might not be working properly.
  
• If the starter motor is suspected to be the issue, it may need to be repaired or replaced. In some cases, cleaning the starter’s solenoid contacts can restore function.
  

4. Ignition Switch Malfunction
A malfunctioning ignition switch can prevent power from reaching the starter motor, resulting in a non-starting engine. Over time, the ignition switch can wear out, leading to a failure to turn over the engine.
Troubleshooting Tip:

• Test the ignition switch by turning the key and observing whether the dash lights illuminate and if there is any response from the engine.
  
• If the switch is faulty, it may need to be replaced to restore proper functionality.
  

5. Fuel System Issues
If the tractor cranks but doesn’t start, it may have a fuel system issue. Common fuel problems include clogged fuel filters, air in the fuel system, or a faulty fuel pump. If the engine isn’t receiving enough fuel, it won’t start.
Troubleshooting Tip:

• Check the fuel level and ensure that there’s enough fuel in the tank.
  
• Inspect the fuel filter for blockages and replace it if necessary.
  
• Check the fuel lines for cracks or leaks that may allow air into the system. Ensure that the fuel pump is working properly.
  

6. Safety Switches
The John Deere 855 has various safety switches that prevent it from starting if certain conditions aren’t met (e.g., the tractor must be in neutral, or the parking brake must be engaged). If one of these safety switches fails, the tractor may not start.
Troubleshooting Tip:

• Ensure that the tractor is in neutral and that the parking brake is engaged.
  
• Check the operation of safety switches on the seat, brake, and transmission. If one is faulty, it may need to be repaired or replaced.
  

7. Bad Ground Connection
A poor ground connection can cause a variety of electrical issues, including failure to start. The ground connection is crucial for completing the electrical circuit, and if it’s loose or corroded, the tractor won’t start.
Troubleshooting Tip:

• Inspect the ground wire for any loose connections or corrosion. Clean and tighten the connection to ensure proper grounding.
  

Conclusion
A dead John Deere 855 tractor can be caused by several issues ranging from a dead battery to faulty safety switches. Troubleshooting each potential cause systematically will help pinpoint the issue and allow for a quick resolution. By inspecting the battery, fuses, starter motor, ignition switch, fuel system, safety switches, and ground connections, operators can identify the source of the problem and restore their tractor to working order. Regular maintenance and timely repairs will help prevent similar issues in the future, ensuring that the John Deere 855 continues to serve efficiently for years to come.