JCB 190 Auxiliary Hydraulics Inoperable: Troubleshooting and Solutions

[MikePhua]

The JCB 190 is a versatile and robust machine commonly used in construction and agricultural applications. However, like any piece of heavy equipment, the JCB 190 may experience issues from time to time. One common problem reported by operators is the failure of auxiliary hydraulics. When the auxiliary hydraulic system fails, it can significantly impact the machine’s performance, as this system is crucial for powering attachments such as breakers, augers, or hydraulic grapples.
This article will explore the potential causes of an inoperable auxiliary hydraulic system on the JCB 190, as well as steps to troubleshoot and resolve the issue.
Understanding the Auxiliary Hydraulics System
The auxiliary hydraulics system on a machine like the JCB 190 is used to supply hydraulic power to attachments, allowing the operator to perform various tasks such as digging, lifting, and material handling. The system is powered by the machine’s main hydraulic pump, and it requires a functional set of controls, hoses, and valves to direct hydraulic fluid to the attachment.
The auxiliary hydraulics system typically consists of:

• Hydraulic pump: Powers the system by supplying fluid.
  
• Control valve: Directs hydraulic fluid to the attachment.
  
• Pressure relief valve: Protects the system from excessive pressure.
  
• Hoses and fittings: Carry hydraulic fluid to the attachment.
  
• Couplers and connectors: Interface with the attachment to transfer hydraulic power.
  

When any part of the system fails, it can prevent the auxiliary hydraulics from working correctly.
Common Causes of Inoperable Auxiliary Hydraulics
There are several potential reasons why the auxiliary hydraulics on a JCB 190 might stop working. Below are some of the most common causes:

1. Faulty Control Valve or Solenoid
   

The control valve is responsible for directing hydraulic fluid to the auxiliary system. If the control valve is malfunctioning, it may not be able to direct fluid properly, which results in the auxiliary hydraulics failing to function.

• Cause: The valve may be clogged, worn, or have internal damage. The solenoid responsible for activating the valve may also be defective.
  
• Solution: Inspect the control valve for signs of wear or clogging. Clean or replace the valve if necessary. Check the solenoid for continuity and replace it if it’s faulty.
  

1. Hydraulic Fluid Issues
   

Low hydraulic fluid levels or contamination can cause poor hydraulic system performance, including failure of the auxiliary hydraulics. Dirty or contaminated fluid can clog filters, restrict flow, or cause internal damage to pumps and valves.

• Cause: Low fluid levels, air in the system, or contaminated hydraulic fluid.
  
• Solution: Check the hydraulic fluid level and top up as necessary. If the fluid is dirty or contaminated, replace it with fresh, high-quality hydraulic fluid. Bleed the system to remove any air that may have accumulated.
  

1. Pump Failure
   

The auxiliary hydraulics are powered by the main hydraulic pump, which delivers fluid to the system. If the pump fails or becomes worn, it may not supply sufficient pressure to operate the auxiliary hydraulics.

• Cause: A worn or damaged hydraulic pump, or a clogged filter restricting fluid flow.
  
• Solution: Inspect the pump for signs of damage or wear. Check the filter and replace it if it’s clogged. If the pump is faulty, it may need to be repaired or replaced.
  

1. Pressure Relief Valve Malfunction
   

The pressure relief valve is designed to prevent excessive pressure buildup in the hydraulic system, protecting the system from damage. If the relief valve fails or becomes stuck, it can cause pressure problems that prevent the auxiliary hydraulics from operating.

• Cause: A faulty or stuck pressure relief valve that isn’t maintaining proper system pressure.
  
• Solution: Test the pressure relief valve and ensure it is functioning correctly. If necessary, clean or replace the valve to restore proper pressure regulation.
  

1. Electrical Issues
   

Since modern machines like the JCB 190 often use electronic controls for hydraulic systems, electrical problems can affect the operation of the auxiliary hydraulics. A blown fuse, a faulty relay, or damaged wiring could disrupt the system’s ability to activate.

• Cause: A blown fuse, broken wire, or faulty relay in the hydraulic control circuit.
  
• Solution: Inspect the electrical components associated with the auxiliary hydraulics. Replace any blown fuses, check for damaged wiring, and ensure relays are functioning.
  

1. Hydraulic Hose Leaks
   

A hydraulic hose or fitting that is leaking fluid will result in the system not having enough pressure to operate the auxiliary hydraulics. Leaks can occur due to wear, damage, or improper installation.

• Cause: Leaking hoses or fittings.
  
• Solution: Inspect all hydraulic hoses and connections for signs of leaks. Replace any damaged hoses or fittings and ensure all connections are properly tightened.
  

Steps to Diagnose the Problem

1. Check Hydraulic Fluid Levels
   

Start by checking the hydraulic fluid levels. Low fluid levels are a common cause of hydraulic system failure. If the fluid is low, top it up with the recommended type of hydraulic fluid. If the fluid appears dirty or contaminated, replace it and install a new filter.

1. Test the Control Valve
   

Inspect the control valve to ensure it’s functioning properly. A malfunctioning valve can block hydraulic fluid flow, preventing the auxiliary hydraulics from working. Check the solenoid and ensure it is activated correctly. If the valve is clogged or damaged, clean or replace it.

1. Examine the Hydraulic Pump
   

Check the hydraulic pump for any signs of failure. A pump that is worn out or clogged may not generate sufficient pressure. Inspect the pump for leaks and ensure the filter is clean. If the pump is damaged, it may need to be replaced.

1. Inspect the Pressure Relief Valve
   

Test the pressure relief valve to ensure it is regulating pressure correctly. A faulty pressure relief valve can lead to pressure problems in the hydraulic system, affecting the auxiliary hydraulics. If the valve is stuck or malfunctioning, replace or repair it.

1. Check Electrical Components
   

Inspect the electrical components controlling the auxiliary hydraulics. Look for blown fuses, damaged wires, or faulty relays. Ensure the wiring is intact and that the control system is receiving the correct signals.

1. Look for Leaks
   

Examine all hydraulic hoses and fittings for signs of leaks. Leaks can significantly reduce system pressure, preventing the auxiliary hydraulics from functioning. Tighten any loose connections and replace any damaged hoses or fittings.
Conclusion
The auxiliary hydraulic system is crucial for the proper operation of the JCB 190, and when it fails, it can impact the machine’s overall performance. By following a systematic troubleshooting approach, you can identify the root cause of the problem and take the necessary steps to resolve it.
Common issues include faulty control valves, low hydraulic fluid levels, pump failure, pressure relief valve malfunctions, electrical problems, and hydraulic hose leaks. By checking these areas, cleaning or replacing components as necessary, and performing regular maintenance, you can ensure the continued reliable operation of the JCB 190’s auxiliary hydraulics.
If the issue persists after following these troubleshooting steps, it may be beneficial to consult with a certified technician for further diagnosis and repair. Regular maintenance and inspection of the hydraulic system can help prevent future issues and keep your equipment running smoothly.