Old John Deere 490 Excavator: An In-Depth Review of Performance and Durability

[MikePhua]

The John Deere 490 Excavator is a mid-sized machine that has been a staple in the construction and heavy equipment industry for decades. Though it is no longer in production, many of these machines are still operational, providing service on construction sites, demolition projects, and other heavy-duty tasks. This article will explore the key features, performance, durability, and maintenance considerations of the John Deere 490 Excavator, offering a detailed look at its advantages and drawbacks.
History and Development of the John Deere 490 Excavator
John Deere, a name synonymous with agricultural and construction machinery, introduced the 490 Excavator as part of their product lineup in the 1980s. Designed to cater to the needs of contractors who required a versatile, durable, and cost-effective machine for excavating, lifting, and digging, the 490 Excavator quickly gained popularity.
As with most John Deere products, the 490 Excavator was built with a focus on reliability and ease of maintenance. Over time, the model became well-regarded for its strong performance and rugged construction, making it a favorite in both the public and private sectors. While the model was eventually replaced by newer designs, its legacy continues, with many 490s still in service today.
Key Features and Specifications
The John Deere 490 Excavator was designed for a variety of tasks, including digging, lifting, and material handling. The machine's capabilities are best understood by reviewing its specifications and main features:

• Engine Power: Powered by a 4-cylinder, 100-horsepower diesel engine, the 490 offered sufficient power for most medium-duty applications.
  
• Operating Weight: The 490 weighs in at approximately 17,000 to 18,000 pounds, making it a mid-size machine suitable for a wide range of jobs.
  
• Hydraulic System: The excavator featured a hydraulic system designed for smooth operation, with an efficient pump that could generate enough pressure for digging and lifting heavy materials.
  
• Boom and Arm Configuration: The boom length, along with the arm's reach, provided the machine with a reasonable digging depth, making it versatile for trenching and digging tasks.
  
• Swing and Digging Reach: The swing system allows the operator to rotate the upper structure of the excavator 360 degrees, providing flexibility in tight spaces. The digging reach is competitive for a machine of its size, with a maximum depth of around 16 feet.
  
• Cab Design: The operator's cabin on the John Deere 490 was designed for comfort and functionality, offering excellent visibility and ergonomic controls. Although the design is quite basic by today’s standards, it was considered advanced during the time of its production.
  

Performance and Durability
One of the primary reasons the John Deere 490 Excavator is still in use today is its remarkable durability. Built to withstand the demands of tough construction sites and heavy-duty applications, this machine has earned a reputation for longevity. However, like any piece of equipment, its performance is subject to how well it is maintained and whether it has been subjected to excessive wear and tear.
Durability:
The 490 was engineered to handle challenging tasks such as digging through rocky soil, lifting heavy objects, and working in harsh conditions. The heavy-duty undercarriage, robust tracks, and reinforced arms and boom allowed the 490 to perform consistently in tough environments. Machines that have been properly maintained can still be seen performing reliably even after decades of service.
Performance:
In terms of performance, the 490 offers adequate speed and power for its class. However, newer models have surpassed the 490 in terms of fuel efficiency, hydraulic power, and digging speed. Despite this, the 490’s simplicity is an asset, particularly for owners who do not require the most advanced features but need a machine that can get the job done.
Common Issues and Maintenance Considerations
While the John Deere 490 Excavator is known for its reliability, there are a few common issues that owners should be aware of as the machine ages. Regular maintenance is essential to keeping the 490 running smoothly, and being proactive in addressing wear and tear can prevent costly repairs down the line.

1. Hydraulic System Leaks:
   • Over time, seals and hoses in the hydraulic system may wear out, leading to fluid leaks. This can result in reduced hydraulic pressure, making the excavator less efficient.
     
   • Solution: Regularly inspect the hydraulic lines for signs of wear, replace seals and hoses when needed, and keep the hydraulic fluid at optimal levels.
     
2. Engine Overheating:
   • Older engines may be prone to overheating, especially if they have not been properly maintained or if the coolant system is clogged.
     
   • Solution: Ensure the radiator is clean and that the coolant system is functioning well. Flush the radiator and replace coolant as necessary.
     
3. Track and Undercarriage Wear:
   • The tracks and undercarriage of the 490 are crucial to its performance, and excessive wear can significantly reduce mobility.
     
   • Solution: Regularly check the tracks for wear, and replace track shoes or rollers if necessary. Proper lubrication and maintenance of the undercarriage can extend its lifespan.
     
4. Electrical System Problems:
   • As with many older machines, the electrical system may experience issues such as dead batteries, faulty wiring, or problems with the alternator.
     
   • Solution: Regularly check the battery, wiring connections, and charging system. Replace faulty components promptly.
     
5. Swing Motor Failure:
   • The swing motor, which enables the upper structure to rotate, can sometimes fail due to excessive wear or lack of lubrication.
     
   • Solution: Lubricate the swing motor regularly, and if the swing becomes sluggish, inspect the motor and replace it if necessary.
     

Operator Tips for Maximizing Performance
To get the most out of the John Deere 490, operators should follow a few basic tips that can enhance performance and prevent unnecessary wear:

• Pre-Operation Checks: Always inspect the machine before starting the day’s work. Check fluid levels, inspect hydraulic lines, and ensure that the undercarriage is in good condition.
  
• Smooth Operation: Avoid sudden movements, especially when digging or swinging. Smooth, controlled movements help extend the life of the hydraulic components and reduce strain on the engine.
  
• Proper Lubrication: Keep the moving parts, especially the tracks and joints, well-lubricated. This minimizes friction and prevents premature wear.
  
• Use the Right Attachments: The 490 is compatible with various attachments, including buckets, hammers, and grapples. Always ensure that the right attachment is used for the task to prevent overloading the machine.
  

Conclusion
The John Deere 490 Excavator remains a popular choice among operators who prioritize reliability and durability over cutting-edge technology. Though it is no longer in production, the 490 continues to serve a variety of construction and digging applications. With proper maintenance and care, the John Deere 490 can last for many years, providing excellent service even in demanding conditions.
For those considering purchasing a used 490, it is important to be aware of its age and potential maintenance needs. However, for operators familiar with older machines, the John Deere 490 offers a robust, dependable option at a lower cost compared to modern equipment. Its legacy in the heavy equipment industry speaks to its strength and performance, making it an enduring piece of machinery.