Troubleshooting Steering Problems in the Bobcat T190 Skid Steer

[MikePhua]

Introduction to the Bobcat T190
The Bobcat T190 is a compact track loader (CTL) designed for versatility and rugged performance in construction, landscaping, and agricultural tasks. Known for its strong lifting capacity and ease of use, the T190 is a popular choice among operators looking for a machine that can handle a variety of attachments and navigate tough terrain. However, like any piece of heavy machinery, the T190 can encounter issues, particularly with its steering system.
Steering problems in the Bobcat T190 can significantly impact its maneuverability, making it difficult to perform routine tasks efficiently. In this article, we'll dive into the common causes of steering issues in the T190, how to diagnose them, and potential solutions to get your machine back on track.
Common Symptoms of Steering Problems
When the steering on a Bobcat T190 experiences issues, several symptoms may arise. Operators often report the following:

• Difficulty turning or slow response: The loader may struggle to turn or the steering may feel unresponsive when attempting to change direction.
  
• Uneven steering or drifting: The loader may pull to one side or fail to stay centered, even when the operator isn't actively steering.
  
• Strange noises: Grinding, whining, or squealing noises can sometimes be heard when steering, indicating potential issues with the hydraulic system or components.
  
• Steering jerks or stuttering: This can be a sign of air in the hydraulic system or a problem with the steering control valve.
  

These symptoms, while varied, point to an underlying issue that needs to be addressed promptly to avoid further damage or loss of functionality.
Diagnosing Steering Problems in the T190

1. Check the Hydraulic Fluid
   • Since the Bobcat T190 uses hydraulic steering, one of the first things to check is the hydraulic fluid. Low fluid levels can lead to poor steering performance and can cause the steering system to feel sluggish or unresponsive.
     
   • If the fluid level is low, check for any visible leaks in the system. Leaking hydraulic lines or seals can be a common culprit. If you suspect a leak, a detailed inspection of the hydraulic hoses, cylinders, and connections is needed.
     
2. Inspect the Steering Pump
   • The hydraulic steering system in the T190 relies on a steering pump to provide pressure to the steering cylinders. If the pump is failing or underperforming, it can lead to steering problems.
     
   • A malfunctioning pump may result in weak or inconsistent steering pressure. Check for any signs of wear or damage to the pump, as well as the condition of its drive belt.
     
3. Steering Cylinder and Linkage
   • The steering cylinder, responsible for controlling the movement of the tracks, should also be inspected for leaks or damage. A leak in the cylinder can cause uneven steering or a loss of power in the system.
     
   • Additionally, inspect the steering linkage for any signs of wear or broken components. If the linkage is damaged or loose, it may prevent the machine from turning smoothly.
     
4. Air in the Hydraulic System
   • If air gets trapped in the hydraulic system, it can cause the steering to feel jerky or unresponsive. This air can enter the system through a leak or improper maintenance, and it must be purged for the system to work effectively.
     
   • To remove air, the hydraulic system should be bled. This process involves opening certain valves and running the machine to allow the air to escape from the system.
     
5. Steering Control Valve
   • The steering control valve directs the hydraulic fluid to the appropriate steering cylinder. If this valve is malfunctioning, it can result in poor steering response or difficulty turning.
     
   • A dirty or clogged valve can cause a lack of fluid flow to the steering cylinders, leading to the system not operating as intended. Cleaning or replacing the valve may be necessary.
     

Steps to Resolve Steering Problems

1. Refill and Replace Hydraulic Fluid
   • If the fluid levels are low, refill the hydraulic tank with the appropriate fluid recommended by the manufacturer. Ensure that you’re using high-quality fluid that meets the specifications for the Bobcat T190.
     
   • If the fluid appears dirty or contaminated, it’s a good idea to flush the system and replace the fluid entirely to avoid damage to the hydraulic components.
     
2. Check and Replace Hydraulic Hoses
   • Inspect all hydraulic hoses for signs of wear, cracking, or leaks. If any hoses are damaged, replace them immediately to prevent further fluid loss and damage to the steering system.
     
3. Inspect and Replace the Steering Pump
   • If the steering pump is found to be faulty, it will need to be replaced. This is not a small task, and may require professional help or the expertise of a mechanic. Ensure that the replacement pump is compatible with your machine’s specifications.
     
4. Bleed the Hydraulic System
   • If you suspect air in the hydraulic lines, the system should be bled. Start by loosening the bleed screw on the steering cylinders and let the fluid run until all air has been expelled. Once the air is removed, tighten the screw and test the steering.
     
5. Clean or Replace the Steering Control Valve
   • If the steering control valve is clogged or malfunctioning, it may need to be cleaned or replaced. This can be a delicate task, so it’s essential to follow the manufacturer’s service instructions to ensure proper functionality.
     

Preventive Maintenance Tips for the Bobcat T190 Steering System

1. Regular Fluid Checks
   • Make it a habit to check the hydraulic fluid level regularly, especially if you notice a decrease in steering performance. Keeping the fluid at optimal levels will help prevent many steering-related issues.
     
2. Clean and Maintain Hydraulic Filters
   • Ensure that the hydraulic filters are cleaned and replaced at recommended intervals. Dirty or clogged filters can restrict the flow of hydraulic fluid, causing steering problems.
     
3. Use the Correct Hydraulic Fluid
   • Using the wrong type of hydraulic fluid can cause significant damage to the steering system. Always use the recommended fluid type and ensure it’s clean and free from contaminants.
     
4. Inspect the Steering System Annually
   • Regularly inspect the hydraulic hoses, steering cylinders, and control valves for signs of wear. Catching small issues early on can help prevent major repairs in the future.
     

Conclusion
The Bobcat T190 is a highly efficient machine, but like any piece of heavy equipment, it can experience steering issues over time. Troubleshooting and addressing these problems early on can save time, money, and frustration. Regular maintenance, fluid checks, and thorough inspections are key to keeping the T190’s steering system in top condition. If you encounter more complex issues, don't hesitate to consult a professional to ensure that the necessary repairs are performed correctly and safely. With the right care, your T190 can continue to perform at its best, even in challenging conditions.