Can a Single Axle Truck Safely Haul a CAT 953 on a 20-Ton Trailer

[MikePhua]

Understanding the Equipment Involved
The Caterpillar 953 track loader is a mid-size crawler loader introduced in the 1980s and still widely used today. Depending on the specific model and configuration, the operating weight of a 953 ranges from approximately 31,000 to 34,000 pounds. It’s a versatile machine used in site prep, demolition, and material handling. Transporting such a machine requires careful consideration of trailer capacity, truck configuration, braking systems, and legal weight limits.
In this scenario, the proposed setup includes:

• A 20-ton tag-along trailer (40,000 lb capacity)
  
• A single axle truck with a 33,000 lb GVWR (Gross Vehicle Weight Rating)
  
• A CAT 953 loader
  
• A Freightliner M2-112 with a 430 hp engine, 10-speed transmission, and engine brake
  

Terminology Note

• GVWR: The maximum allowable weight of a vehicle including its own weight and payload.
  
• Tag-Along Trailer: A trailer that attaches to a pintle hitch behind the truck, with its own axles and brakes.
  
• Bridge Law: Federal and state regulations that govern how weight is distributed across axles to protect roadways.
  
• Air Brakes: A braking system using compressed air, essential for heavy-duty hauling.
  
• Class A CDL: A commercial driver’s license required to operate combination vehicles over 26,001 lbs with a towed unit over 10,000 lbs.
  

Feasibility and Safety Considerations
From a mechanical standpoint, the Freightliner M2-112 with 430 hp and a 10-speed transmission is more than capable of pulling a 20-ton trailer with a 953 loader. The engine brake adds an extra layer of control during descents, which is critical when hauling heavy equipment. However, the single axle configuration introduces several limitations:

• Weight Distribution: A single rear axle limits how much weight can be legally and safely carried on the truck. Most single axles are rated for 20,000–23,000 lbs.
  
• Tongue Weight: A tag trailer transfers a portion of its load to the truck’s rear axle. With a 34,000 lb machine, tongue weight could exceed axle limits.
  
• Braking Capacity: While air brakes help, a tandem axle truck provides better braking stability and load distribution.
  
• Legal Compliance: Depending on state regulations, this setup may exceed bridge law limits or require permits.
  
• Suspension and Frame Stress: Repeated hauling of near-capacity loads can fatigue the truck’s frame and suspension over time.
  

Use Case and Frequency
The proposed use case involves moving the 953 loader 5–6 times per year within a 50-mile radius, with occasional trips up to 125 miles. For such infrequent use, the setup may be acceptable if:

• The trailer has properly rated axles and brakes
  
• The truck’s rear axle is not overloaded
  
• The operator holds a valid Class A CDL
  
• The route avoids steep grades and complies with local weight laws
  
• The load is properly secured and balanced
  

In Kentucky, a similar setup was used to move a 953 behind a Peterbilt with an 8.3L Cummins and 10-speed transmission. While the truck handled the load, it was slow on hills and required careful planning. The Freightliner M2-112 offers more power and braking, making it better suited for the task—provided the axle and suspension ratings are respected.
Recommendations

• Weigh the full rig loaded to verify axle weights
  
• Inspect trailer brakes and tires before each haul
  
• Consider adding a load equalizing hitch or air ride suspension
  
• Use a spotter when loading/unloading to prevent trailer damage
  
• Keep a log of trips and maintenance for DOT compliance
  

Conclusion
Hauling a CAT 953 on a 20-ton trailer with a single axle truck is possible, but it pushes the limits of axle capacity and braking safety. For occasional use within a short radius, it can be done responsibly with proper precautions. However, for frequent or long-distance hauling, a tandem axle truck offers better safety, durability, and legal compliance.