CAT 246 Skid Steer Loader Power Loss and Diagnostic Strategies

[MikePhua]

The CAT 246 Loader Platform
The Caterpillar 246 skid steer loader was introduced in the early 2000s as part of CAT’s B-series compact equipment lineup. Designed for versatility in construction, landscaping, and utility work, the 246 featured a vertical lift path, high-flow hydraulics, and a robust frame capable of handling demanding attachments. Powered by a 74 HP CAT 3024C diesel engine, the machine offered a rated operating capacity of 2,000 lbs and a tipping load of 4,000 lbs.
With thousands of units sold across North America and beyond, the 246 became a staple in rental fleets and owner-operator yards. Its reputation for reliability is well-earned, but like any machine, it can suffer from performance degradation—especially when power loss symptoms emerge.
Symptoms and Initial Observations
Loss of power in a CAT 246 may present as:

• Sluggish acceleration or reduced travel speed
  
• Weak hydraulic response during lift or tilt
  
• Engine bogging under load
  
• Difficulty climbing inclines or pushing material
  
• Audible changes in engine tone or exhaust note
  
• Increased fuel consumption without corresponding output
  

A contractor in Alberta reported that his 246 struggled to lift a full bucket of gravel and stalled when reversing uphill. After a week of troubleshooting, the issue was traced to a clogged fuel strainer and a failing turbocharger.
Fuel System Vulnerabilities
The CAT 3024C engine relies on a mechanical injection system with a lift pump, fuel filter, and injector pump. Common fuel-related causes of power loss include:

• Clogged fuel filter or strainer
  
• Air leaks in fuel lines
  
• Weak lift pump output
  
• Contaminated diesel or water intrusion
  
• Injector wear or imbalance
  

Diagnostic steps:

• Replace fuel filter and inspect for sediment
  
• Prime fuel system and check for bubbles in return line
  
• Test lift pump pressure (target: 4–6 psi at idle)
  
• Inspect tank for algae or sludge buildup
  
• Use infrared thermometer to compare injector temperatures
  

In one case, a landscaping crew in Georgia discovered that their loader’s fuel tank had a cracked pickup tube. The crack allowed air to enter the system intermittently, causing power surges and stalls. Replacing the tube restored consistent performance.
Air Intake and Turbocharger Inspection
Restricted airflow can choke engine combustion and reduce power. The CAT 246 uses a dry-type air filter and a small turbocharger to boost intake pressure.
Key failure points:

• Dirty or collapsed air filter
  
• Cracked intake hoses or loose clamps
  
• Turbocharger bearing wear or vane damage
  
• Wastegate malfunction or stuck actuator
  

Solutions:

• Replace air filter every 250 hours or sooner in dusty conditions
  
• Pressure test intake system for leaks
  
• Inspect turbocharger shaft for play and oil residue
  
• Verify boost pressure under load (target: 8–12 psi depending on model)
  

A technician in South Africa diagnosed a loader with poor throttle response. The turbocharger had seized due to oil starvation, and the machine ran as a naturally aspirated engine. After replacing the turbo and flushing the oil lines, power returned to normal.
Hydraulic Load and Engine Response
The CAT 246’s hydraulic system can place significant load on the engine, especially when using high-flow attachments or lifting heavy material. If the hydraulic pump is binding or the relief valve is stuck, the engine may bog or stall.
Check for:

• Hydraulic fluid contamination or aeration
  
• Pump bearing noise or excessive heat
  
• Relief valve pressure setting (typically 3,000 psi)
  
• Auxiliary circuit flow restriction
  

Preventive steps:

• Replace hydraulic filters every 500 hours
  
• Use ISO 46 hydraulic oil with anti-wear additives
  
• Inspect hoses for internal collapse
  
• Test pump flow rate with a flow meter
  

A snow removal crew in Minnesota found that their loader lost power when operating a snow blower attachment. The auxiliary circuit had a partially blocked quick coupler, causing backpressure and engine strain. Replacing the coupler resolved the issue.
Electrical and Sensor Faults
While the CAT 246 is largely mechanical, it does rely on sensors and solenoids for throttle control, glow plug timing, and safety interlocks. Electrical faults can mimic mechanical issues.
Common electrical causes:

• Faulty throttle position sensor
  
• Weak battery or corroded terminals
  
• Loose ground strap
  
• Glow plug relay stuck on
  
• ECM miscommunication
  

Diagnostic tips:

• Use a multimeter to test voltage at throttle sensor
  
• Inspect battery cables for corrosion and tightness
  
• Check glow plug relay for heat and continuity
  
• Scan for fault codes if equipped with diagnostic port
  

A fleet manager in Texas reported intermittent power loss during hot weather. The issue was traced to a loose ground strap near the starter motor. After cleaning and securing the strap, the loader ran smoothly under all conditions.
Maintenance Recommendations
To prevent power loss:

• Change engine oil every 250 hours
  
• Replace fuel and air filters every 250 hours
  
• Inspect turbocharger and intake system quarterly
  
• Flush hydraulic fluid annually
  
• Test lift pump and injectors every 1,000 hours
  
• Keep electrical connections clean and dry
  

Use high-quality diesel with low sulfur content and add biocide if storing fuel for extended periods. Monitor engine RPM under load and log fuel consumption to detect early signs of inefficiency.
Conclusion
Loss of power in a CAT 246 skid steer loader can stem from fuel, air, hydraulic, or electrical systems. With methodical diagnostics and preventive care, most issues are solvable without major overhaul. Whether pushing snow, lifting gravel, or trenching in clay, the 246 remains a dependable machine—provided its systems are kept clean, balanced, and responsive. In the world of compact loaders, power is more than horsepower—it’s the harmony of every subsystem working together.