Bomag BW172D Operation and Maintenance Essentials

[MikePhua]

The BW172D and Its Role in Soil Compaction
The Bomag BW172D is a single-drum vibratory roller designed for medium-duty soil compaction in road construction, embankment stabilization, and site preparation. Manufactured by Bomag GmbH, a German company founded in 1957 and now part of the Fayat Group, the BW172D was part of a long lineage of rollers known for their mechanical simplicity and robust performance. With an operating weight of approximately 7,500 kg and a drum width of 1.7 meters, the BW172D was engineered to deliver high compaction force while remaining maneuverable on uneven terrain.
Bomag’s rollers have been sold in over 120 countries, and the BW172D remains a popular choice in regions with limited access to newer models due to its reliability and ease of service.
Terminology Note

• Vibratory Roller: A compactor that uses a rotating eccentric weight to generate vibration and increase soil density.
  
• Amplitude: The vertical movement of the drum during vibration, affecting compaction depth.
  
• Frequency: The rate of vibration, measured in hertz, influencing surface finish and material response.
  
• Hydrostatic Drive: A propulsion system using hydraulic fluid to power wheel motors, offering smooth speed control.
  

Engine and Drive System Configuration
The BW172D was typically equipped with a Deutz or Perkins diesel engine producing around 75 horsepower. The hydrostatic drive allowed variable speed control and smooth directional changes, especially useful on slopes and tight corners. The roller featured a two-speed transmission, enabling operators to switch between travel and compaction modes.
Routine engine maintenance included:

• Oil changes every 250 hours
  
• Fuel filter replacement every 500 hours
  
• Air filter inspection weekly in dusty environments
  
• Cooling system flush annually
  

Operators should monitor engine temperature and RPM during compaction to avoid overloading the hydraulic system.
Vibration System and Compaction Performance
The BW172D’s vibratory system used an eccentric shaft mounted inside the drum, driven by a hydraulic motor. Key specifications included:

• Centrifugal force: Up to 150 kN
  
• Amplitude: 1.8 mm (low) to 2.2 mm (high)
  
• Frequency: 30–35 Hz
  
• Drum diameter: Approximately 1.2 meters
  

Operators could select vibration settings based on soil type:

• Low amplitude for granular soils and surface finishing
  
• High amplitude for cohesive soils and deep compaction
  

In one case, a road crew in Saskatchewan used a BW172D to compact clay fill for a highway shoulder. By alternating vibration settings and adjusting travel speed, they achieved 95% modified Proctor density in two passes.
Hydraulic System and Control Layout
The roller’s hydraulic system powered the drum vibration, propulsion, and steering. It featured:

• Tandem gear pumps for vibration and drive
  
• Hydraulic oil reservoir capacity of 60 liters
  
• Filter change interval of 500 hours
  
• Manual control levers for vibration and travel
  

Common issues included:

• Hydraulic leaks from worn seals
  
• Contaminated fluid causing sluggish response
  
• Air ingress leading to cavitation in the vibration motor
  

Preventive measures:

• Use ISO 46 hydraulic oil in temperate climates
  
• Replace filters and inspect hoses quarterly
  
• Bleed the system after hose replacement or fluid change
  

Operator Station and Ergonomics
The BW172D offered a simple open cab with:

• Mechanical suspension seat
  
• Analog gauges for engine temperature, oil pressure, and fuel level
  
• Vibration and travel control levers
  
• Emergency stop button and horn
  

Visibility was excellent due to the elevated seat and narrow hood profile. However, noise levels were high, and operators were advised to wear hearing protection during extended use.
Anecdote from the Field
In 2020, a contractor in rural Argentina restored a BW172D that had been idle for eight years. After replacing the hydraulic hoses, flushing the fuel system, and rebuilding the eccentric shaft bearings, the roller returned to service compacting access roads for a wind farm. The operator noted that despite its age, the machine delivered consistent compaction and required minimal intervention.
Manufacturer History and Equipment Evolution
Bomag has been a leader in compaction technology for decades. The BW172D was part of its mid-range lineup, positioned between the BW120 and BW213 models. Later models introduced electronic controls, telematics, and dual amplitude systems. However, the BW172D remains valued for its mechanical simplicity and field-serviceable components.
Bomag’s rollers have been used in major infrastructure projects worldwide, including airport runways, highways, and dam foundations. The BW172D contributed to this legacy by offering reliable performance in remote and demanding environments.
Recommendations for Owners and Technicians

• Keep a service log documenting oil changes, filter replacements, and vibration hours
  
• Use OEM or certified aftermarket parts for hydraulic and engine components
  
• Train operators on vibration selection based on soil type
  
• Inspect drum bearings and eccentric shaft annually
  
• Store the roller with drum off the ground to prevent flat spots
  

Conclusion
The Bomag BW172D vibratory roller is a durable and versatile machine that continues to serve in compaction tasks across the globe. With proper maintenance, informed operation, and attention to hydraulic and vibration systems, it can deliver high-quality results even decades after production. Whether building rural roads or compacting industrial pads, the BW172D remains a trusted tool in the hands of skilled operators.