Comparing the Case 480C and 580C Backhoe Loaders

[MikePhua]

The Case Legacy and the C-Series Milestone
Case Construction Equipment, founded in 1842, became a dominant force in the backhoe loader market by the 1960s. The 480 and 580 series were among the most widely distributed models in North America, with the C-series marking a turning point in design and serviceability. Produced in the late 1970s, both the 480C and 580C offered mechanical simplicity, hydraulic strength, and compatibility with a wide range of attachments.
While they share many components and design principles, the 580C was engineered as a heavier-duty machine with greater lifting and digging capacity, whereas the 480C was intended for lighter utility work and tighter operating environments.
Engine and Powertrain Differences
The Case 480C is equipped with the G188D diesel engine, a 188 cubic inch four-cylinder producing approximately 43 horsepower. The 580C uses the larger D207 engine, a 207 cubic inch four-cylinder delivering around 55 horsepower.
Engine comparison:

• 480C: G188D, 43 hp, naturally aspirated
  
• 580C: D207, 55 hp, naturally aspirated
  

Both models use a similar shuttle transmission system, allowing forward and reverse travel without clutching. The transmission and rear axle assemblies are nearly identical, though the 580C benefits from slightly heavier-duty internals to support its increased torque and weight.
Loader and Backhoe Capabilities
The 580C features a more robust loader frame and linkage system, with higher breakout force and lift capacity. Its front bucket is larger, and the loader arms are reinforced for heavier material handling.
Loader specs:

• 480C: ~3,000 lbs lift at pin, 74–80 inch bucket
  
• 580C: ~4,000 lbs lift at pin, 80–84 inch bucket
  

Backhoe differences are more pronounced. The 480C typically comes with a 33 backhoe (single boom cylinder), while the 580C uses a 35 backhoe (dual boom cylinders), offering greater digging force and smoother operation.
Backhoe specs:

• 480C: 12-foot standard dig depth, optional 14-foot extendahoe
  
• 580C: 14-foot standard dig depth, 14'7" with extendahoe
  
• 580C swing and stabilizer cylinders are larger, improving control and stability
  

In one municipal fleet in Michigan, operators noted that the 580C could dig through frozen clay with less effort and faster cycle times than the 480C, especially when using the extendahoe.
Cab Layout and Operator Experience
Both models feature open ROPS or enclosed cab options. However, the 580C offers more floor space and a better seat swivel mechanism, making transitions between loader and backhoe operation smoother.
Operator feedback:

• 480C: Compact cab, limited legroom, awkward seat swivel
  
• 580C: Roomier cab, improved visibility, easier control access
  

Some operators dislike the 480C’s seat and floor layout, especially when switching frequently between front and rear controls. The 580C’s cab design is more ergonomic and better suited for longer shifts.
Hydraulic System and Maintenance Notes
Both machines use open-center hydraulic systems with gear pumps. The 580C’s pump delivers slightly higher flow, supporting faster cycle times and better multi-function control.
Hydraulic comparison:

• 480C: ~23.5 GPM, 2,200 psi
  
• 580C: ~28 GPM, 2,300 psi
  

Brake systems are nearly identical, using internal wet disc brakes actuated by mechanical linkages. Maintenance procedures for both are straightforward, and many parts are interchangeable.
Brake service tip:

• No need to remove the cab floor to access brake housings
  
• Disconnect park brake cable and link rods
  
• Remove hydraulic line and four fasteners
  
• Slide brake housing off side gear shaft
  
• Wear safety glasses—brake dust and loose linings are common
  

A technician in Alberta rebuilt both sides of a 580C’s brake system without removing the wheels, saving time and avoiding unnecessary disassembly.
Parts Interchangeability and Upgrade Potential
Many components between the 480C and 580C are interchangeable, including:

• Rear buckets
  
• Brake assemblies
  
• Transmission parts
  
• Hydraulic fittings
  

However, loader arms, backhoe booms, and engine components are model-specific. Some owners retrofit 580C booms onto 480C frames, but this requires welding and bracket modification.
In one case from Pennsylvania, a contractor upgraded his 480C with a 580C backhoe boom and hydraulic cylinders. The result was improved digging force and better swing control, though the loader remained limited by its original frame.
Used Market and Application Suitability
Used 480C units typically sell for $6,000–$12,000, while 580C models range from $10,000–$18,000 depending on condition and attachments. Buyers should consider:

• 480C: Ideal for light trenching, farm use, and tight spaces
  
• 580C: Better for roadwork, utility trenching, and heavier material handling
  

In one auction in Georgia, a 580C with extendahoe and four buckets sold for $16,500. The buyer reported strong performance in gravel trenching and minimal repairs after 1,200 hours of use.
Conclusion
The Case 480C and 580C share a common design philosophy but serve different roles in the field. The 480C offers compact utility and affordability, while the 580C delivers more power, reach, and comfort for demanding jobs. Whether digging fence posts or laying sewer lines, choosing between them depends on terrain, workload, and operator preference. With proper care, both machines continue to serve reliably decades after their release.