Restoring Power Steering Functionality on the Ford 750 TLB

[MikePhua]

The Ford 750 TLB and Its Hydraulic Steering System
The Ford 750 Tractor Loader Backhoe (TLB) was introduced in the late 1970s as part of Ford’s expansion into the construction equipment market. Built for utility contractors, municipalities, and rural operators, the 750 combined a rugged loader frame with a rear-mounted backhoe, powered by a Ford diesel engine and supported by a fully hydraulic steering system. With thousands sold across North America, the 750 remains a common sight in yards and job sites, often still in service decades later.
Its power steering system uses a dedicated hydraulic pump mounted to the engine, separate from the main loader and backhoe hydraulics. This pump supplies pressurized fluid to a steering control valve, which then directs flow to a double-acting steering cylinder mounted between the front axle and frame. The system is designed for low-effort steering even under heavy front-end loads, but age and wear can lead to loss of assist, stiffness, or complete failure.
Symptoms of Power Steering Pump Failure
Operators may notice:

• Increased steering effort, especially at low RPM
  
• Jerky or uneven steering response
  
• Fluid leaks near the pump or steering valve
  
• Whining or groaning noises during steering input
  
• Air bubbles in the reservoir or foaming fluid
  
• Complete loss of steering assist after warm-up
  

In one case from Ohio, a Ford 750 used for trenching began showing intermittent steering stiffness. After checking the fluid level and replacing the filter, the issue persisted. A teardown revealed worn pump vanes and a cracked housing—likely caused by years of vibration and thermal cycling.
Pump Design and Replacement Considerations
The original power steering pump on the Ford 750 is typically a gear-type or vane-type unit, belt-driven from the crankshaft pulley. Key specifications include:

• Flow rate: 3–5 gallons per minute
  
• Operating pressure: 1,000–1,500 psi
  
• Mounting: Two- or four-bolt flange with keyed shaft
  
• Pulley: V-belt or serpentine depending on engine variant
  
• Reservoir: Remote or integrated depending on configuration
  

Replacement options include:

• OEM-style remanufactured pumps from tractor salvage yards
  
• Aftermarket hydraulic pumps with matched flow and pressure ratings
  
• Universal pumps with adapter brackets and custom plumbing
  

When replacing the pump:

• Flush the entire steering circuit to remove debris
  
• Replace the filter and inspect return lines for collapse
  
• Use hydraulic fluid with anti-foam and anti-wear additives
  
• Torque mounting bolts to spec and align the pulley to prevent belt wear
  
• Prime the pump before startup to avoid dry running
  

Some operators install inline pressure gauges to monitor system health and detect early signs of failure.
Steering Valve and Cylinder Inspection
If the pump is functional but steering remains poor, inspect:

• Control valve spool for sticking or internal leakage
  
• Cylinder seals for bypass or external leaks
  
• Tie rod ends and kingpins for mechanical resistance
  
• Steering column linkage for play or misalignment
  

In Shanghai, a contractor rebuilt the steering cylinder on his Ford 750 after noticing fluid seepage and reduced response. Replacing the rod seals and polishing the bore restored full assist and eliminated drift during travel.
Preventive Maintenance and Long-Term Reliability
To keep the steering system in top condition:

• Check fluid level weekly and top off with compatible hydraulic oil
  
• Replace filters every 500 hours or annually
  
• Inspect hoses and clamps for wear and leaks
  
• Keep the belt tension within spec to avoid pump slippage
  
• Grease front axle pivot points and steering linkage monthly
  

Some owners retrofit spin-on filter heads and magnetic drain plugs to improve filtration and catch early signs of wear.
Field Anecdote and Practical Insight
In Alberta, a municipal crew used a Ford 750 for snow removal. During a cold snap, the steering became stiff and unresponsive. After warming the fluid and checking the pump, they discovered the reservoir vent was clogged, creating vacuum lock. Cleaning the vent and switching to low-temp hydraulic oil solved the issue. They later added a breather cap with a moisture trap to prevent recurrence.
Conclusion
The power steering pump on the Ford 750 TLB is a vital component that ensures safe and efficient operation, especially under load. With proper diagnosis, quality replacement parts, and routine maintenance, operators can restore full steering assist and extend the life of this classic machine. Whether trenching, grading, or hauling, responsive steering keeps the Ford 750 working hard and turning true.