Troubleshooting and Operating Bobcat Hydraulic Breakers

[MikePhua]

The Bobcat Hydraulic Breaker and Its Evolution
Bobcat hydraulic breakers have long been a staple in compact demolition and excavation work. Designed to mount on skid steer loaders, compact excavators, and tool carriers, these attachments convert hydraulic energy into percussive force, allowing operators to break concrete, asphalt, rock, and frozen ground. Bobcat, founded in North Dakota in the 1950s, became a global leader in compact equipment, and its hydraulic breaker line has been widely adopted across North America, Europe, and Asia.
The early models were simple nitrogen-charged units with few electronics. Over time, Bobcat introduced energy recovery systems, noise-dampening housings, and auto-lubrication features. By the mid-2000s, the company had sold tens of thousands of breakers globally, with models ranging from light-duty 100 ft-lb units to heavy-duty 1,000 ft-lb hammers.
Terminology Clarification

• Hydraulic Breaker: A percussion tool powered by hydraulic fluid, used to fracture hard surfaces.
  
• Nitrogen Chamber: A pressurized gas reservoir that stores energy and cushions the piston stroke.
  
• Tool Bit: The chisel or blunt tool inserted into the breaker, which makes contact with the material.
  
• Accumulator: A device that stores hydraulic energy and reduces pressure spikes.
  
• Flow Rate: The volume of hydraulic fluid delivered per minute, measured in gallons per minute (GPM).
  

Common Operational Issues and Symptoms
Operators often encounter problems when attaching or running a hydraulic breaker on a Bobcat machine. Typical complaints include:

• Breaker not firing or cycling
  
• Weak impact force
  
• Excessive vibration or noise
  
• Hydraulic fluid overheating
  
• Tool bit stuck or not retracting
  

These symptoms can stem from several causes:

• Incorrect hydraulic flow or pressure
  
• Low nitrogen charge in the accumulator
  
• Worn or damaged tool bushings
  
• Contaminated hydraulic fluid
  
• Electrical solenoid failure (on newer models)
  

In one case, a demolition crew in Arizona mounted a breaker on a Bobcat S185 but found it wouldn’t fire. After checking the couplers and fluid level, they discovered the nitrogen chamber had lost pressure. Recharging it restored full function.
Diagnostic and Repair Steps
To troubleshoot a non-functioning Bobcat breaker:

1. Verify Hydraulic Flow: Check the machine’s auxiliary circuit specifications. Most mid-size breakers require 10–20 GPM at 2,000–2,500 PSI.
   
2. Inspect Couplers: Ensure quick-connect fittings are fully seated and not leaking. Replace worn O-rings.
   
3. Check Nitrogen Pressure: Use a gauge to measure the charge in the accumulator. Refill to factory spec, typically 500–600 PSI.
   
4. Examine Tool Bit and Retainers: Remove the bit and inspect for wear. Clean and lubricate before reinstalling.
   
5. Flush Hydraulic System: Contaminated fluid can clog valves and damage seals. Replace filters and fluid if needed.
   
6. Test Electrical Controls: On models with solenoid activation, verify voltage and switch function.
   

Preventive Maintenance and Best Practices
To extend the life of a Bobcat breaker:

• Grease the tool bit every 2–4 hours of operation
  
• Avoid dry firing (running without contact)
  
• Use correct hydraulic fluid grade and change every 500 hours
  
• Store breaker upright to prevent seal distortion
  
• Inspect bushings and retainers monthly
  

In 2019, a contractor in Ontario added an auto-lube system to their breaker, reducing manual greasing and extending bushing life by 40%. The system delivered consistent lubrication during operation, especially in cold weather.
Attachment Compatibility and Setup Tips
When mounting a breaker:

• Match the breaker’s flow and pressure requirements to the host machine
  
• Use a case drain line if required by the model
  
• Install a return filter to catch debris from the attachment
  
• Program the auxiliary switch for momentary or continuous flow depending on breaker type
  

Bobcat machines from the 700 and 800 series often support plug-and-play breaker operation, but older units may require manual valve adjustment or wiring modifications.
Recommendations for Owners and Operators
If your Bobcat breaker is underperforming:

• Start with hydraulic diagnostics—pressure, flow, and fluid condition
  
• Check nitrogen charge and tool bit wear
  
• Review machine compatibility and coupler integrity
  
• Consult the breaker’s manual for torque specs and service intervals
  
• Consider professional servicing if internal seals or pistons are damaged
  

Conclusion
Bobcat hydraulic breakers are powerful tools when properly maintained and matched to the right machine. Operational issues often stem from overlooked basics—fluid quality, nitrogen pressure, and tool wear. With regular inspection and adherence to manufacturer guidelines, these attachments can deliver years of reliable service across demolition, trenching, and site prep applications. Whether breaking concrete in urban settings or trenching through frozen ground, a well-tuned Bobcat breaker remains a cornerstone of compact equipment versatility.