John Deere 655B Crawler Loader Field Performance and Mechanical Insights

[MikePhua]

The 655B and Deere’s Mid-Size Loader Evolution
The John Deere 655B crawler loader was introduced in the late 1980s as part of Deere’s B-series lineup, designed to offer improved hydraulic response, operator comfort, and structural durability over its predecessors. Positioned between the lighter 555B and the heavier 755B, the 655B was built for versatility—handling excavation, loading, grading, and demolition tasks with equal competence.
John Deere, founded in 1837, had by this time become a global leader in construction and agricultural machinery. The 655B was part of a broader strategy to modernize the crawler loader segment, which had begun to decline in favor of excavators and wheel loaders. Yet, for contractors working in confined spaces or on steep grades, the 655B remained a preferred choice due to its low center of gravity and powerful breakout force.
Engine and Drivetrain Configuration
The 655B is powered by the John Deere 4276T turbocharged diesel engine, a four-cylinder unit producing approximately 110 horsepower. Known for its torque-rich delivery and cold-start reliability, the 4276T features direct injection, wet-sleeve liners, and a gear-driven camshaft.
Key terminology:

• Wet-sleeve liner: A replaceable cylinder sleeve surrounded by coolant, allowing for easier rebuilds and better heat dissipation.
  
• Torque converter: A fluid coupling that multiplies torque and allows smooth gear changes without clutching.
  
• Powershift transmission: A hydraulically actuated gearbox that enables gear changes under load without manual clutch input.
  

The transmission offers three forward and three reverse speeds, with a torque converter providing smooth acceleration and load handling. Operators report that the drivetrain is responsive and durable, though clutch pack wear can occur if fluid changes are neglected.
Recommendations:

• Replace transmission fluid every 1000 hours
  
• Inspect clutch pack wear via magnetic drain plug analysis
  
• Use OEM-grade filters and monitor for pressure drop
  
• Test stall speed annually to verify torque converter health
  

One operator in Montana rebuilt his transmission after 8,000 hours, citing fluid neglect and overheating during heavy push cycles. After the rebuild, he installed a transmission temperature gauge to monitor load conditions.
Hydraulic System and Loader Functionality
The 655B features an open-center hydraulic system powered by a gear-type pump delivering approximately 40 gallons per minute. The loader arms and bucket are controlled via pilot-operated valves, offering smooth modulation and predictable response.
Hydraulic specs:

• System pressure: 2,500 psi
  
• Reservoir capacity: ~30 gallons
  
• Filter change interval: every 500 hours
  
• Cylinder bore: typically 4–5 inches depending on configuration
  

Common issues include:

• Loader drift due to worn cylinder seals
  
• Slow response from clogged filters or aerated fluid
  
• Leaks at hose fittings and valve blocks
  
• Heat buildup from contaminated oil or restricted cooling
  

Recommendations:

• Inspect hydraulic fluid for discoloration or foaming
  
• Replace filters and clean suction screen during every service
  
• Use ISO VG 46 hydraulic oil unless operating in extreme climates
  
• Monitor pilot pressure and actuator response during pre-shift checks
  

One technician in Georgia added a hydraulic cooler after noticing sluggish performance during summer operations. The modification reduced fluid temperature by 20°F and improved cycle times.
Undercarriage Wear and Track Frame Maintenance
The undercarriage of the 655B includes sealed and lubricated track chains, single or double grouser pads, and a rigid track frame. The recoil spring and hydraulic adjuster maintain track tension, while the equalizer bar allows limited oscillation for terrain adaptation.
Undercarriage components:

• Track rollers per side: 6
  
• Carrier rollers per side: 2
  
• Idlers per side: 1
  
• Shoe width options: 16", 18", 20" depending on terrain
  

Wear points include:

• Chain stretch leading to misalignment
  
• Roller and idler damage from impact or lack of lubrication
  
• Shoe cracking in cold climates or high-impact zones
  
• Mud buildup in track channels causing premature wear
  

Recommendations:

• Inspect track tension weekly and adjust via grease fitting
  
• Replace worn rollers and idlers before they damage the chain
  
• Clean undercarriage daily in muddy conditions
  
• Rotate shoes if edge wear is uneven
  

One contractor in British Columbia added bolt-on track guides to improve alignment on steep slopes. The modification reduced derailment incidents and extended chain life.
Electrical System and Starting Reliability
The 655B uses a 12-volt electrical system with a gear-reduction starter and mechanical alternator. While simple, the system is prone to corrosion and voltage drops if not maintained.
Electrical tips:

• Clean battery terminals monthly and apply dielectric grease
  
• Inspect starter solenoid and relay contacts annually
  
• Replace worn battery cables with high-strand copper wire
  
• Test alternator output under load to verify charging
  

One operator in Texas installed a block heater and battery warmer to improve winter starts, reporting consistent ignition even at 10°F.
Cab Comfort and Operator Interface
The cab of the 655B is enclosed and pressurized, with adjustable seat, ergonomic levers, and good visibility. While not luxurious, it offers sufficient comfort for long shifts.
Cab recommendations:

• Replace cabin air filter every 250 hours
  
• Clean HVAC vents and inspect blower motor quarterly
  
• Lubricate door seals and hinges to maintain pressure integrity
  
• Upgrade seat suspension for improved comfort
  

Operators appreciate the intuitive control layout and responsive loader feedback. One fleet in Ohio retrofitted LED work lights and added a rear-view camera to improve safety during night operations.
Conclusion
The John Deere 655B crawler loader remains a capable and respected machine in the field. Its blend of mechanical simplicity, hydraulic strength, and operator comfort makes it ideal for contractors who value reliability and serviceability. With disciplined maintenance and thoughtful upgrades, the 655B can continue delivering productive hours across diverse job sites. Whether loading gravel, clearing brush, or grading pads, this machine proves that mid-size iron still has a place in modern earthmoving.