Volvo EC120B Crawler Excavator: Performance, Maintenance, and Troubleshooting

[MikePhua]

The Volvo EC120B Crawler Excavator is a powerful and versatile machine that plays a significant role in various industries such as construction, mining, and landscaping. Known for its durability, efficiency, and precision, this model has become a favorite choice among operators and fleet managers alike. This article delves into the key features of the Volvo EC120B, common issues that may arise, and practical maintenance tips to keep the machine in optimal condition.
Overview of the Volvo EC120B
The Volvo EC120B is a mid-size hydraulic crawler excavator designed for maximum productivity and minimal fuel consumption. Launched as part of Volvo's EC series, this excavator is built with a focus on operator comfort, high performance, and low operating costs. With its robust construction, advanced hydraulics, and powerful engine, the EC120B is suitable for a wide range of applications, from digging and trenching to lifting and demolition tasks.
Key Features of the EC120B

• Engine Power: The EC120B is equipped with a Volvo D6D engine, which provides a strong 81 kW (108 horsepower) of power, enabling it to perform demanding tasks without compromising efficiency.
  
• Hydraulic System: The machine features advanced hydraulic technology that allows for quick response and high lifting capacity, ideal for excavation work. The hydraulic system is designed for smooth, responsive operation, ensuring that operators can handle both light and heavy-duty tasks with ease.
  
• Cab Design: The operator cab is ergonomically designed with user-friendly controls, excellent visibility, and an air-suspended seat, ensuring that the operator can work long hours in comfort.
  
• Fuel Efficiency: With a focus on minimizing fuel consumption while maximizing power, the EC120B is highly efficient, reducing operating costs in the long term.
  

Common Issues with the Volvo EC120B
While the Volvo EC120B is generally reliable, there are some issues that operators might encounter over time. Proper maintenance and troubleshooting can prevent most of these problems. Here are some common issues reported by users:
1. Hydraulic System Problems
The hydraulic system in the EC120B is critical for the operation of the excavator. Hydraulic issues can manifest in various ways, such as sluggish movement, loss of lifting power, or even total system failure.

• Causes: Low hydraulic fluid levels, leaks in the hydraulic lines, or damaged components such as pumps or valves can all contribute to hydraulic problems.
  
• Solution: Regularly check the hydraulic fluid levels and inspect the hydraulic lines for leaks. Replacing worn-out seals or components and ensuring the fluid is free from contamination will help maintain the system’s efficiency.
  

2. Electrical System Failures
Electrical issues can disrupt the operation of the Volvo EC120B, affecting key components such as the starter motor, alternator, and lighting system. In some cases, operators may experience intermittent power loss or problems with starting the machine.

• Causes: Battery issues, wiring faults, or corroded connections can cause electrical failures. A malfunctioning alternator can also lead to charging problems, affecting battery performance.
  
• Solution: Inspect the battery for proper charge and condition, check the wiring for any signs of damage, and clean any corroded terminals. If problems persist, it may be necessary to replace the alternator or the battery.
  

3. Engine Performance Issues
An engine that struggles to start, experiences rough idling, or lacks power during operation can significantly affect productivity. These issues are often linked to fuel, air, or ignition system problems.

• Causes: Fuel system issues, such as clogged fuel filters or fuel injectors, or problems with the air intake system, such as a dirty air filter, can affect engine performance.
  
• Solution: Ensure that the fuel filters are regularly replaced and that the air filter is kept clean. Inspect the fuel system for leaks or blockages. If the engine continues to experience issues, have the injectors or fuel pump checked by a professional.
  

4. Undercarriage Wear
The undercarriage of any crawler excavator is subjected to significant wear and tear due to constant contact with the ground. For the EC120B, undercarriage problems such as worn-out tracks, sprockets, and rollers are common over time.

• Causes: Continuous operation on rough or abrasive surfaces, lack of proper maintenance, or poor alignment can cause rapid wear of the undercarriage components.
  
• Solution: Regularly inspect the undercarriage for any signs of damage or excessive wear. If necessary, replace the track shoes, rollers, and sprockets. Ensure proper track tension to avoid unnecessary strain on the system.
  

Maintenance Tips for the Volvo EC120B
Maintaining the Volvo EC120B is essential to ensuring its longevity and efficiency. Below are some key maintenance tips to keep your excavator running smoothly:
1. Regular Oil and Filter Changes
Changing the engine oil and filters is one of the most important tasks for maintaining engine performance and longevity. Over time, engine oil degrades, and filters become clogged, reducing the engine’s efficiency.

• Recommendation: Change the engine oil and filters every 250 to 500 hours of operation or as recommended by the manufacturer.
  

2. Clean the Air and Fuel Filters
Clogged air and fuel filters can lead to reduced engine power and fuel efficiency. Cleaning or replacing these filters at regular intervals ensures proper engine function and helps prevent unnecessary wear.

• Recommendation: Check the air filter every 100 hours of operation and clean or replace it if necessary. Fuel filters should be replaced according to the manufacturer’s schedule.
  

3. Inspect and Maintain the Hydraulic System
The hydraulic system is one of the most important systems in the Volvo EC120B. Regular maintenance can prevent leaks and system failures, ensuring that the excavator performs at its best.

• Recommendation: Check hydraulic fluid levels regularly and top up as needed. Inspect the hydraulic lines for any leaks, and replace any damaged seals or components immediately.
  

4. Monitor the Undercarriage
The undercarriage plays a vital role in the stability and movement of the excavator. Keeping it in good condition reduces downtime and ensures smooth operation on rough terrain.

• Recommendation: Inspect the undercarriage every 500 hours for signs of wear. Pay attention to the track tension and adjust it as necessary. Replace worn-out components like track shoes, rollers, and sprockets promptly.
  

5. Keep the Cooling System Clean
The cooling system prevents the engine from overheating during operation. A clogged or damaged cooling system can lead to engine failure or reduced performance.

• Recommendation: Clean the radiator and cooling fins regularly to prevent debris buildup. Check the coolant level and ensure the radiator hoses are in good condition.
  

Conclusion
The Volvo EC120B Crawler Excavator is a reliable and versatile machine that can handle a wide range of construction and excavation tasks. By understanding the common issues and following a proper maintenance schedule, operators can ensure that their machine performs optimally and remains in service for many years. Regular maintenance, prompt repairs, and thorough inspections are key to keeping the EC120B running smoothly and minimizing downtime.