Bobcat 953 Wheel Motor Hydraulic Issues

[MikePhua]

The Bobcat 953 is a versatile and powerful skid steer loader that is widely used in construction and other heavy-duty industries. One of the most crucial components of this machine is the wheel motor, which plays a vital role in driving the wheels and enabling the loader to operate smoothly. However, like any piece of machinery, the 953 can experience hydraulic issues that impact its performance. A common issue reported by users involves problems with the wheel motor and its hydraulic system, often leading to a decrease in performance or complete failure of the drive.
In this article, we will explore the common causes of hydraulic issues in the Bobcat 953's wheel motor, the potential solutions, and how to avoid such problems in the future.
Understanding the Hydraulic System of the Bobcat 953
Before diving into the issues, it’s important to have a clear understanding of the hydraulic system in the Bobcat 953. The hydraulic system powers various functions, including the lift arms, bucket, and wheel motors. The wheel motors are responsible for driving the wheels of the skid steer, and any issues with the hydraulic flow can severely affect the machine’s mobility.
The system works by using hydraulic fluid to transmit power from the engine to the wheel motors. If the fluid is contaminated, low on levels, or the hydraulic pump is malfunctioning, it can cause problems for the wheel motors, such as poor performance or even failure.
Common Causes of Wheel Motor Hydraulic Issues

1. Low Hydraulic Fluid Levels
   One of the simplest and most common causes of hydraulic issues in the Bobcat 953 is low hydraulic fluid levels. If the fluid is insufficient, it can lead to a lack of power in the hydraulic system, including the wheel motors. This can cause the wheels to slow down or stop moving altogether.
   Solution: Regularly check the hydraulic fluid levels and top up when necessary. Ensure that the fluid is clean and free from contaminants.
   
2. Hydraulic Fluid Contamination
   Contaminants such as dirt, debris, or water can enter the hydraulic system and cause significant damage to the wheel motor. Contaminated fluid can damage seals, pumps, and valves, leading to poor performance or failure.
   Solution: Regularly change the hydraulic fluid and replace filters to keep the system clean. Ensure that all components are tightly sealed to prevent contaminants from entering the system.
   
3. Faulty Hydraulic Pump
   The hydraulic pump is responsible for supplying fluid to the wheel motors. If the pump is malfunctioning or not producing enough pressure, the wheel motors may not receive the necessary power to operate efficiently.
   Solution: Inspect the hydraulic pump for signs of wear or damage. If the pump is not functioning properly, it may need to be repaired or replaced.
   
4. Worn or Damaged Seals
   The seals in the hydraulic system, particularly those in the wheel motor, are designed to keep the hydraulic fluid contained and prevent leaks. Over time, seals can wear out or become damaged, causing fluid leaks and reducing the effectiveness of the wheel motor.
   Solution: Check the wheel motor seals for signs of wear or damage. If any seals are compromised, they should be replaced immediately to prevent fluid loss.
   
5. Blocked or Clogged Hydraulic Lines
   Hydraulic lines that are blocked or clogged with debris can restrict the flow of hydraulic fluid to the wheel motors. This can result in uneven or lackluster performance of the drive.
   Solution: Inspect the hydraulic lines for any obstructions or blockages. If necessary, flush the lines to ensure smooth fluid flow.
   
6. Faulty Wheel Motor
   In some cases, the wheel motor itself may be the source of the problem. If the motor is damaged or malfunctioning, it may not receive enough hydraulic pressure or may struggle to operate at full power.
   Solution: If the wheel motor is faulty, it may need to be rebuilt or replaced. Consult with a professional mechanic to assess the condition of the motor and determine if repair or replacement is necessary.
   

How to Diagnose Hydraulic Issues in the Bobcat 953
Diagnosing hydraulic issues in the Bobcat 953 requires a systematic approach. Here’s a step-by-step guide to help you identify the root cause of the problem:

1. Check Hydraulic Fluid Levels
   Start by checking the hydraulic fluid levels to ensure they are adequate. If the fluid is low, top it up with the manufacturer’s recommended fluid. Always check for signs of contamination, as dirty fluid can cause long-term damage.
   
2. Inspect the Fluid Quality
   Remove the hydraulic fluid from the reservoir and inspect it for any signs of contamination, such as dirt, water, or metal particles. Contaminated fluid should be replaced immediately, and filters should be changed.
   
3. Test the Hydraulic Pump
   Use a pressure gauge to test the hydraulic pump’s output. If the pump is not generating enough pressure, it may be faulty and need repair or replacement.
   
4. Examine the Wheel Motor
   Inspect the wheel motor for any external leaks, unusual noises, or signs of wear. If there are significant issues with the motor, such as inconsistent movement or lack of power, it may need to be replaced or rebuilt.
   
5. Inspect Hydraulic Lines and Fittings
   Check all hydraulic lines and fittings for leaks, cracks, or blockages. A blockage in the lines can severely restrict fluid flow and impair the wheel motor’s performance.
   
6. Check the Seals
   Inspect the seals on the wheel motor and other components of the hydraulic system. If you find any damage, replace the seals to prevent leaks and ensure proper system pressure.
   

Preventive Maintenance to Avoid Hydraulic Issues

1. Regular Fluid Changes: Changing the hydraulic fluid regularly is one of the most effective ways to prevent issues. Fluid should be replaced according to the manufacturer’s recommendations, and filters should be checked and replaced as needed.
   
2. Keep the System Clean: Contaminants are one of the biggest enemies of hydraulic systems. Make sure the hydraulic lines and components are kept clean, and avoid introducing dirt or water into the system during maintenance.
   
3. Monitor Fluid Levels: Always ensure that the hydraulic fluid is at the proper level. Low fluid levels can cause overheating, excessive wear, and poor performance.
   
4. Inspect Components Regularly: Regularly inspect the hydraulic pump, wheel motors, seals, and hydraulic lines for wear and tear. Catching small problems early can prevent more serious issues down the road.
   
5. Use the Right Hydraulic Fluid: Always use the manufacturer’s recommended hydraulic fluid to avoid compatibility issues and ensure optimal performance.
   

Conclusion
Hydraulic issues with the wheel motor in the Bobcat 953 can lead to a significant reduction in performance and, in severe cases, cause the machine to stop functioning altogether. Understanding the common causes of these issues and implementing regular maintenance practices can prevent many of these problems. By staying on top of hydraulic fluid levels, ensuring the cleanliness of the system, and addressing minor issues before they become major problems, operators can keep their Bobcat 953 running smoothly for years to come. If problems persist, it’s always wise to consult with a professional mechanic to properly diagnose and repair the issue.