Installing a Mulcher on a Mid-Size Excavator for Land Clearing

[MikePhua]

Why Excavator-Mounted Mulchers Are Gaining Ground
Excavator-mounted mulchers have become indispensable tools for land clearing, forestry management, and utility right-of-way maintenance. Unlike skid steer or tractor-mounted units, excavator mulchers offer reach, precision, and the ability to work on steep slopes or uneven terrain. When paired with a properly configured hydraulic system, they can shred brush, saplings, and even small trees with minimal operator effort.
Mid-size excavators like the Kobelco SK140 or PC138USLC are ideal platforms for mulcher installation. Their weight class provides stability, and their auxiliary hydraulic capacity—typically in the 30–50 GPM range—can support high-torque mulcher heads. However, installation requires careful planning, especially when integrating a priority flow control valve.
Understanding Priority Flow Control in Hydraulic Systems
A priority flow control valve ensures that the mulcher receives a consistent volume of hydraulic oil, even when other functions are in use. This is critical for maintaining rotor speed and torque under load. Without it, the mulcher may bog down when the boom or travel motors are activated.
The valve works by diverting a fixed portion of pump output to the mulcher circuit, while allowing excess flow to power other functions. It’s typically installed between the pump outlet and the auxiliary valve block, with adjustable settings to fine-tune flow rate.
Key installation steps:

• Identify the pump’s maximum flow and pressure rating
  
• Select a priority valve rated for the mulcher’s requirements (e.g., 40 GPM @ 3,000 psi)
  
• Install the valve in-line with the auxiliary circuit, using high-pressure hoses and fittings
  
• Route excess flow to the main valve block or tank return
  
• Test and adjust the valve to maintain consistent mulcher performance
  

Choosing the Right Mulcher Head
Not all mulchers are created equal. Rotary cutters are lighter and cheaper but struggle with dense material. Drum-style mulchers like the FECON Bull Hog offer better shredding and durability, especially in hardwood or rocky conditions.
Selection criteria:

• Flow requirement: Match the mulcher’s GPM rating to the excavator’s auxiliary output
  
• Pressure tolerance: Ensure the head can handle system pressure without damage
  
• Weight: Confirm the excavator’s stick and boom can support the mulcher without tipping
  
• Mounting: Use a quick coupler or custom bracket for secure attachment
  
• Case drain: Some mulchers require a low-pressure return line to prevent seal damage
  

Operators in the southeastern U.S. often prefer drum mulchers for pine and palmetto clearing, while rotary cutters may suffice for light brush and pasture maintenance.
Sourcing Components and Technical Support
Priority valves and hydraulic kits can be sourced from specialized suppliers like Hydraulic Circuit Technology or OEM dealers. These vendors offer pre-configured kits with hoses, fittings, and installation diagrams tailored to specific excavator models.
Before purchasing:

• Provide the excavator’s make, model, and hydraulic specs
  
• Confirm compatibility with the chosen mulcher head
  
• Ask for wiring harnesses if the mulcher includes electric controls or solenoids
  
• Request flow charts and pressure settings for field tuning
  

Some suppliers also offer remote support or technician visits for complex installations.
Field Experience and Lessons Learned
One land clearing contractor in Georgia shared that installing a mulcher on his Kobelco excavator transformed his business. After fitting a priority valve and switching to a FECON head, he was able to clear 10 acres per day with minimal downtime. He emphasized the importance of proper hose routing and shielding to prevent abrasion and heat damage.
Another operator in North Carolina noted that his initial setup lacked a case drain, leading to premature seal failure in the mulcher motor. After adding the drain line and adjusting the priority valve, the system ran smoothly for over 1,000 hours.
Maintenance and Safety Considerations
Mulchers generate intense heat and vibration. Regular maintenance is essential:

• Inspect hoses and fittings weekly for leaks or wear
  
• Clean debris screens and cooling fins daily
  
• Grease rotor bearings and check belt tension
  
• Monitor hydraulic fluid temperature and change filters as needed
  
• Use protective guards and follow safety protocols during operation
  

Operators should wear eye and hearing protection, and maintain a safe distance from bystanders. Mulcher heads can throw debris at high velocity, especially when striking rocks or metal.
Conclusion
Installing a mulcher on a mid-size excavator is a powerful upgrade for land clearing professionals. With the right hydraulic setup, priority flow control, and mulcher head selection, operators can tackle dense vegetation and rough terrain with confidence. While the installation requires technical knowledge and careful planning, the payoff is a versatile machine that expands capabilities and boosts productivity across a wide range of applications.