Improving Snow Traction for Compact Track Loaders

[MikePhua]

The Rise of CTLs in Winter Work
Compact Track Loaders (CTLs) like the John Deere CT322 have become indispensable in snow removal for rural properties, commercial lots, and municipal service yards. Introduced in the early 2000s, the CT322 was part of Deere’s push to offer a mid-sized CTL with a 67-horsepower engine and a rated operating capacity of 2,200 pounds. Deere’s CTL lineup quickly gained traction—literally and figuratively—thanks to their low ground pressure and ability to operate in soft terrain.
Unlike wheeled skid steers, CTLs distribute weight across a larger footprint, making them ideal for muddy or snowy conditions. However, their rubber tracks, while excellent for flotation, often struggle with grip on icy slopes or packed snow. This has led operators to experiment with various traction-enhancing methods, especially in regions with frequent freeze-thaw cycles.
Why Rubber Tracks Slip on Snow and Ice
Rubber tracks are designed for flexibility, vibration damping, and surface protection. But in winter, these benefits become liabilities. The smooth rubber compound lacks the aggressive bite needed to grip frozen surfaces. When snow is repeatedly packed by the machine’s own weight, it turns into a slick ice layer, especially on inclines.
Key factors contributing to slippage include:

• Low friction coefficient of rubber on ice (typically <0.1)
  
• Wide track surface area reducing ground pressure
  
• Lack of tread depth or edge definition
  
• Heat from friction melting snow, then refreezing into glaze
  

Terminology Clarification

• CTL (Compact Track Loader): A tracked machine used for lifting, grading, and snow removal.
  
• Grouser: Raised tread or bar on a track pad that provides traction.
  
• Track Studs: Metal inserts or bolts added to rubber tracks to improve grip on ice.
  

Operator Strategies for Better Traction
Experienced operators have developed several techniques to improve CTL performance in snow:

• Slow and Steady Movement: Avoid spinning tracks, which polishes snow into ice. Gentle throttle control preserves surface texture.
  
• Clear to the Base Layer: When possible, scrape down to gravel or pavement to avoid building up slick layers.
  
• Avoid Repeated Passes: Driving over the same path repeatedly compacts snow and reduces traction.
  
• Use the Terrain Wisely: Work perpendicular to slopes when possible. Turning into a slope increases the risk of sideways or backward sliding.
  

One operator in Montana described a harrowing moment when his CT322 slid sideways toward a 30-foot drop-off after trying to push snow uphill. He later modified his approach to work downhill and use the loader’s weight to assist braking.
Traction Enhancements and Aftermarket Solutions
To combat slippage, some operators install temporary or permanent traction aids:

• Sheet Metal Screws: Coarse-thread screws inserted into track pads offer limited grip but risk tearing out and damaging tires or pavement.
  
• Bolts with Fender Washers: Drilled through the track and secured with nuts, these protrude slightly to bite into ice. Effective but must be used sparingly to avoid structural damage.
  
• Dedicated Ice Studs: Products like iGrip or MaxiGrip studs are designed for rubber tracks and offer carbide tips for durability. These are more secure and less likely to tear out than improvised screws.
  
• Polar Tracks: Bridgestone and Camso offer winter-specific track designs with cross-bar patterns that outperform block-style treads in snow. However, they are expensive (often $4,000–$5,000 per set) and wear rapidly in summer.
  

Risks and Considerations
While traction aids can improve safety, they come with trade-offs:

• Screws and bolts may loosen and become road hazards.
  
• Studs can damage concrete or asphalt surfaces.
  
• Modified tracks may void manufacturer warranties.
  
• Overloading tracks with hardware increases wear and vibration.
  

Operators in Ontario have reported fines for pushing snow into public ditches, highlighting the need for compliance with local regulations. In urban areas, rubber track modifications must balance performance with surface preservation.
Maintenance Tips for Winter CTL Use
To keep CTLs performing well in snow:

• Inspect tracks daily for missing hardware or damage
  
• Clean snow and ice buildup from undercarriage
  
• Monitor hydraulic fluid temperature and viscosity
  
• Use bar magnets to recover lost screws or studs
  
• Store machines indoors to prevent ice formation on controls
  

Some operators install auxiliary heaters or use low-temperature hydraulic fluids to improve responsiveness in sub-zero conditions.
Conclusion
Compact Track Loaders offer versatility in winter, but their rubber tracks pose traction challenges on icy terrain. Through careful operating techniques and selective use of traction aids, operators can safely navigate slopes and packed snow. Whether using dedicated ice studs or modifying driving patterns, the key is understanding the physics of snow interaction and respecting the machine’s limitations. With the right approach, CTLs can be reliable winter workhorses—even when the weather turns slick.