Komatsu 355 Track Adjustment Problems: Causes and Solutions

[MikePhua]

The Komatsu 355 is a robust and reliable piece of heavy machinery, designed to handle tough tasks in industries like construction, mining, and excavation. One of the most critical components of this machine is its track system, which provides the necessary mobility to maneuver through various terrains. However, like any machine, the track adjustment system of the Komatsu 355 can encounter issues over time. Understanding these problems, their causes, and the best solutions is key to maintaining the performance and longevity of the equipment.

Common Track Adjustment Problems

1. Track Slack or Over-tightening
   One of the most frequent issues with the Komatsu 355’s track system is improper track tension. If the tracks are too slack or too tight, it can lead to a variety of operational problems. A slack track can cause unnecessary wear on the sprockets and rollers, while a tight track can result in excessive friction, reducing the lifespan of the track components.
   • Symptoms of Track Slack:
     • The machine moves slowly or struggles to pick up speed.
       
     • The track makes a "slapping" noise while moving.
       
     • There is noticeable wear on the sprockets and rollers.
       
   • Symptoms of Over-tightening:
     • The machine runs smoothly but with high levels of friction.
       
     • The undercarriage components show signs of overheating.
       
     • The tracks appear to be stretched out and may develop cracks or other damage.
       
   Solution:
   The ideal track tension is generally specified by the manufacturer, and it can vary depending on the terrain and the type of work being performed. Regular inspection and adjustment of the track tension using the track adjuster are necessary to prevent these issues.
   

Causes of Track Adjustment Problems

1. Lack of Regular Maintenance
   Like any other mechanical system, the track adjustment mechanism on the Komatsu 355 requires periodic maintenance. If the system is neglected, it can lead to wear and tear on components like the track adjuster, rollers, and tension springs, which can make it difficult to adjust the track tension properly.
   Solution:
   Regularly inspect the track adjuster and other related components for any signs of damage or wear. If components are damaged, they should be replaced promptly to avoid further issues.
   
2. Hydraulic System Failure
   The Komatsu 355 track adjuster system relies on hydraulic pressure to adjust the track tension. If there is a failure in the hydraulic system, such as a leak or a malfunction in the hydraulic pump, it can prevent the track adjuster from functioning correctly.
   • Symptoms of Hydraulic System Issues:
     • Inability to adjust track tension.
       
     • Leaking hydraulic fluid around the track adjuster.
       
     • Slow or jerky movement of the track during operation.
       
   Solution:
   Inspect the hydraulic system for leaks or signs of pressure loss. If the hydraulic pump or cylinders are found to be faulty, they should be repaired or replaced. Regular hydraulic fluid checks and ensuring the system is properly pressurized can help prevent this issue.
   
3. Track Wear and Tear
   Tracks on the Komatsu 355 can naturally wear out over time due to the weight of the machine and the constant movement across rough surfaces. As the track components, such as the rollers, sprockets, and chains, wear out, they may no longer provide the necessary support to maintain the correct tension.
   Solution:
   Regularly inspect the tracks for signs of wear, such as cracks, thinning, or elongation of the track links. Replace any worn or damaged track components before they cause further issues with track adjustment.
   

How to Adjust the Tracks Properly
Proper track adjustment is essential to ensure the machine operates efficiently and avoids unnecessary wear. Here’s a general guide on how to adjust the tracks on the Komatsu 355:

1. Locate the Track Adjuster: The Komatsu 355 is equipped with a track adjuster that typically has a grease or hydraulic fitting. Locate this adjuster on the undercarriage of the machine.
   
2. Check Track Tension: Before adjusting the tension, check the track’s slack or tightness. If the track is too loose, it can be adjusted by adding grease or hydraulic fluid to increase tension. If it’s too tight, the excess pressure should be relieved by removing fluid.
   
3. Use the Proper Tools: Depending on the type of track adjuster, use the appropriate tools to adjust the tension. For hydraulic systems, a hydraulic pump may be needed to add or release fluid. For mechanical systems, you may need a grease gun to adjust the tension.
   
4. Test and Re-check: After making adjustments, test the track’s movement by operating the machine briefly. Re-check the tension after a short period of use to ensure the correct adjustment has been achieved.
   

When to Replace Track Components
Over time, certain track components may wear out or become damaged, requiring replacement. Here are some signs that indicate when track components need to be replaced:

1. Excessive Wear: If the track pads are excessively worn down or the links are cracked, it may be time to replace them.
   
2. Damaged Rollers and Sprockets: If the rollers or sprockets show signs of severe wear or damage, they can no longer effectively support the track and should be replaced.
   
3. Track Elongation: If the track links have elongated due to excessive wear, it can lead to poor track performance and uneven wear on the machine’s components. In such cases, replacing the entire track may be necessary.
   

Conclusion
The track adjustment system is a vital part of the Komatsu 355, ensuring the machine operates smoothly across various terrains. Regular maintenance, timely adjustments, and inspections of key components like the track adjuster, hydraulic system, and track wear can prevent many common track adjustment problems. By addressing these issues early on, operators can extend the lifespan of the track system and maintain the performance and efficiency of the Komatsu 355 for years to come.