Volvo EC210 Hydraulic Excavator Overview and Hydraulic System

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Machine Description and Performance
The Volvo EC210 is a medium-sized hydraulic excavator built to deliver superior performance, fuel efficiency, and operator comfort. It is widely utilized in construction, earthmoving, and utility projects where reliability and precision are key.
Engine and Powertrain

• Powered by a Volvo D4J turbocharged four-cylinder diesel engine delivering approximately 114 kW (153 hp) at 2000 rpm
  
• Engine features advanced combustion technology for emissions compliance and fuel savings
  
• The machine has a fuel tank capacity of about 360 liters, supporting extended operations between refueling
  

Hydraulic System Specifications

• Equipped with two variable displacement axial piston pumps delivering about 2 x 200 liters per minute of hydraulic flow for boom, arm, bucket, and travel functions
  
• Implements circuit hydraulic pressure operates at a maximum of approximately 34.3 to 36.3 MPa (about 4,975 to 5,265 psi)
  
• Travel circuit pressure runs at around 34.3 MPa (4,975 psi), ensuring strong track propulsion
  
• Swing circuit pressure is approximately 27.9 MPa (4,047 psi), powering the rotation of the superstructure
  
• Pilot circuit pressure is around 3.9 MPa (566 psi), managing control lever responses smoothly
  

Operating Capabilities

• Operating weight ranges between 20,700 to 21,300 kilograms, striking a balance between power and maneuverability
  
• Maximum digging reach near 9.6 meters and digging depth around 6.4 meters, suitable for medium-scale excavation
  
• Travel speeds range from approximately 3.4 km/h (low) to 5.4 km/h (high)
  
• Gradeability of 35° enables operation on moderately steep terrain
  

Operator Environment and Controls

• Spacious and ergonomic cab with adjustable seating and climate control options enhance operator comfort above industry standards
  
• Large, tiltable LCD monitor with anti-glare provides easy navigation of machine settings, service alerts, and diagnostic codes
  
• Multiple operating modes such as “Arm Priority” and “Swing Priority” optimize hydraulic flow for specific application needs
  

Maintenance and Service

• Grouped filters and ground-level access points simplify routine maintenance tasks such as oil and filter replacements
  
• Engine oil, fuel filters are serviced every 500 hours; hydraulic oil and filters every 1,000 to 2,000 hours
  
• Safety features include anti-slip plates, guarded components, and 3-point right-hand access for safe servicing
  

Terminology Explained

• Variable Displacement Pump: A pump that adjusts fluid flow based on demand, improving fuel efficiency and hydraulic response.
  
• Pilot Circuit: Low-pressure hydraulic system controlling larger hydraulic valves and motors.
  
• Swing Circuit: Hydraulic system managing rotation of the excavator’s upper structure.
  
• Travel Circuit: Hydraulic system powering the track drive motors.
  
• Gradeability: Maximum slope angle the excavator can climb safely.
  

Conclusion
The Volvo EC210 excels in blending power, precision hydraulics, and operator comfort with durable components engineered for challenging sites. Its advanced hydraulic system with multiple pressure circuits, variable pumps, and smart operating modes provides the versatility and reliability expected from Volvo’s product line, making it a strong contender for medium-class excavation projects worldwide.