Troubleshooting the CAT 953: Common Problems and Solutions

[MikePhua]

The Caterpillar 953 is a versatile and durable compact track loader widely used in construction, landscaping, and forestry. Its reliability and power make it an ideal choice for a variety of tasks, but like any piece of heavy machinery, it can experience issues over time. If you're encountering problems with your CAT 953, understanding the potential causes and solutions is essential for minimizing downtime and ensuring optimal performance.
In this article, we will dive into some common problems that CAT 953 owners and operators might face. We will explore the possible causes, offer detailed troubleshooting advice, and provide solutions to keep your machine running smoothly. Whether you're dealing with hydraulic issues, engine trouble, or mechanical faults, this guide aims to help you identify and fix the problem quickly.
Common Problems with the CAT 953

1. Hydraulic System Failures
   The hydraulic system in the CAT 953 plays a critical role in powering the loader’s various functions, including lifting and tilting the bucket, operating attachments, and controlling the tracks. When the hydraulic system begins to fail, you may notice sluggish operation, loss of power, or unusual noises.
   Possible Causes:
   • Low Hydraulic Fluid Levels: One of the most common reasons for hydraulic failure is low fluid levels. If the fluid runs low, the hydraulic components won’t function as they should, leading to decreased performance.
     
   • Contaminated Hydraulic Fluid: Over time, dirt, debris, and metal shavings can contaminate the hydraulic fluid, leading to clogs, damaged seals, and premature wear on the hydraulic pump and valves.
     
   • Faulty Hydraulic Pump: The hydraulic pump is responsible for circulating fluid throughout the system. A damaged or worn pump can cause the system to lose pressure, leading to slower movements or a complete failure to operate.
     
   Troubleshooting and Solutions:
   • Check the hydraulic fluid levels and top up if necessary.
     
   • Inspect the hydraulic fluid for signs of contamination. If it looks dirty or has a burnt smell, change the fluid and replace the filters.
     
   • Test the hydraulic pump and valves for wear. If any component is malfunctioning, replace it promptly.
     
2. Engine Starting Issues
   Starting issues can be one of the more frustrating problems to deal with, especially if the engine cranks but doesn't start. This can be caused by a variety of factors, from electrical issues to fuel system problems.
   Possible Causes:
   • Faulty Starter Motor: The starter motor is responsible for turning the engine over. If it fails, the engine may not start at all.
     
   • Battery Problems: A weak or dead battery can prevent the engine from starting. Batteries that are over five years old are more prone to failure.
     
   • Fuel Delivery Issues: If the fuel filter is clogged, or there’s a problem with the fuel pump, the engine may not be receiving the fuel it needs to start.
     
   Troubleshooting and Solutions:
   • Test the starter motor and battery voltage. If the starter is not engaging, consider replacing it.
     
   • Inspect the battery for corrosion and check the voltage. If the voltage is low or the battery is more than five years old, replace it.
     
   • Replace the fuel filter if it is clogged and check the fuel lines for leaks or blockages. Ensure the fuel pump is functioning properly.
     
3. Undercarriage Wear and Tear
   The undercarriage of the CAT 953, which includes the tracks, rollers, and sprockets, takes a lot of stress due to the weight and work conditions the loader is subjected to. Over time, wear and tear can cause these components to wear down, leading to reduced traction, stability issues, and even potential damage to the machine.
   Possible Causes:
   • Worn Tracks: Tracks that are worn down can cause the machine to lose traction and increase fuel consumption.
     
   • Damaged Rollers or Idlers: Rollers or idlers that are worn or broken can cause the tracks to become misaligned, affecting the performance and leading to uneven wear on the undercarriage.
     
   • Improper Tension: If the track tension is too loose or too tight, it can lead to premature wear on the undercarriage components.
     
   Troubleshooting and Solutions:
   • Inspect the tracks for excessive wear, cracks, or damage. Replace worn tracks with OEM parts.
     
   • Check the rollers, idlers, and sprockets for signs of wear or damage. Replace any worn or damaged components.
     
   • Adjust the track tension according to the manufacturer’s recommendations. Improper tension can lead to uneven wear and reduced performance.
     
4. Transmission Problems
   The transmission in the CAT 953 is responsible for controlling the speed and direction of the machine. When it fails, you may experience difficulty shifting gears or a complete inability to move the machine.
   Possible Causes:
   • Low Transmission Fluid: Similar to the hydraulic system, low fluid levels in the transmission can cause shifting issues and may eventually lead to a complete failure.
     
   • Clogged or Dirty Filters: Transmission filters can become clogged with dirt and debris, causing a loss of pressure and making it difficult to shift gears.
     
   • Worn Clutch: A worn clutch can prevent the machine from engaging properly, leading to issues with shifting and moving.
     
   Troubleshooting and Solutions:
   • Check the transmission fluid levels and top up if necessary. If the fluid is dirty, change it along with the filters.
     
   • Inspect the transmission for signs of wear or leaks. If necessary, replace any damaged components such as seals or gaskets.
     
   • Test the clutch to ensure it is functioning correctly. If the clutch is worn out, it may need to be replaced.
     
5. Electrical Issues
   Electrical problems are not uncommon in older machines like the CAT 953. From issues with the alternator to problems with wiring, electrical failures can cause various symptoms, including difficulty starting, dashboard warning lights, or complete power loss.
   Possible Causes:
   • Dead Battery: If the battery is weak or dead, the machine won’t start, and electrical systems may fail to function properly.
     
   • Faulty Alternator: The alternator charges the battery and powers electrical systems. If the alternator fails, the battery will not charge properly, leading to electrical issues.
     
   • Wiring Issues: Loose, damaged, or corroded wires can cause intermittent electrical failures, preventing the machine from starting or causing the engine to stall.
     
   Troubleshooting and Solutions:
   • Test the battery and alternator using a multimeter. If the alternator is not charging the battery properly, it may need to be replaced.
     
   • Inspect the wiring for signs of damage, wear, or corrosion. Repair or replace any faulty wiring.
     
   • Ensure all fuses and relays are in good working condition. If any are blown, replace them with the correct type.
     
6. Overheating Issues
   Overheating can be a common problem for the CAT 953, especially when working in hot environments or under heavy loads. Overheating can cause significant damage to the engine and other critical components if not addressed.
   Possible Causes:
   • Low Coolant Levels: Low coolant levels can cause the engine to overheat. This can happen due to leaks or evaporation over time.
     
   • Clogged Radiator: Dirt and debris can build up in the radiator, preventing airflow and causing the engine to overheat.
     
   • Faulty Thermostat: A malfunctioning thermostat can prevent the engine from reaching the proper operating temperature, leading to overheating.
     
   Troubleshooting and Solutions:
   • Check the coolant levels and top up if necessary. Inspect for any visible leaks in the cooling system.
     
   • Clean the radiator to remove any dirt, debris, or corrosion that may be obstructing airflow.
     
   • Test the thermostat to ensure it is opening and closing at the correct temperature. Replace it if necessary.
     

Preventive Maintenance for the CAT 953
To avoid frequent breakdowns and extend the life of your CAT 953, regular preventive maintenance is crucial. Here are some key tips:

• Regular Fluid Checks: Routinely check the hydraulic fluid, transmission fluid, and coolant levels to ensure they are at the proper levels.
  
• Clean and Replace Filters: Replace hydraulic and transmission filters regularly and keep the air filters clean to prevent clogging and reduce strain on the system.
  
• Inspect the Undercarriage: Regularly inspect the tracks, rollers, and sprockets for wear and tear. Adjust track tension as needed to ensure optimal performance.
  
• Battery and Electrical Maintenance: Check the battery voltage regularly and inspect the electrical system for any signs of wear or damage.
  
• Engine and Transmission Maintenance: Ensure that the engine and transmission are running smoothly by checking for leaks, adjusting the clutch, and changing fluids as needed.
  

Conclusion
The CAT 953 is a highly reliable piece of equipment, but like any machine, it can experience problems over time. By understanding common issues such as hydraulic system failures, engine starting problems, undercarriage wear, and electrical faults, operators can troubleshoot efficiently and make timely repairs. Regular preventive maintenance is key to avoiding many of these problems and ensuring your CAT 953 remains in peak operating condition. By following the troubleshooting tips and solutions outlined in this article, you can minimize downtime and maximize the productivity of your machine.