Managing Air in Loaded Tires on Heavy Equipment: Case of the Michigan Loader

[MikePhua]

Heavy machinery like loaders, backhoes, and excavators rely heavily on their tires to ensure operational stability and efficient performance, especially in rugged terrains. However, one of the common issues operators face involves air in the loaded tires. This article explores how air can enter the loaded tires of a Michigan loader, the potential consequences, and how to effectively address the issue for continued smooth operation.
Understanding Loaded Tires in Heavy Equipment
Before diving into the problem of air entering the loaded tire, it’s important to understand what "loaded" tires are and their purpose.

1. What Are Loaded Tires?
   Loaded tires are typically filled with a heavy liquid or compound, often calcium chloride or other similar solutions, to add weight to the tire. This helps the equipment gain better traction, especially when operating on soft surfaces or steep inclines. The added weight also helps with stability and ensures better performance in certain tasks like lifting, pushing, or digging.
   
2. Common Materials Used for Tire Loading:
   • Calcium Chloride: This is one of the most commonly used materials due to its high density. It increases the weight of the tire without significantly altering the tire’s profile.
     
   • Windshield Washer Fluid: An alternative that is often used as a less corrosive solution.
     
   • Water with Antifreeze: Often used in regions that experience freezing temperatures, antifreeze helps prevent the liquid from freezing inside the tire during colder months.
     

Why Air Can Enter a Loaded Tire
Air entering a loaded tire can be a major issue, leading to improper tire performance and potential equipment malfunction. There are several reasons why air might get into the loaded tire of a Michigan loader or similar heavy machinery.

1. Valve Stem Leaks: One of the most common causes of air entering a loaded tire is a faulty valve stem or valve core. Over time, the valve can wear down or get clogged with dirt, causing air to slowly leak into the tire. This is especially problematic with loaded tires, as any additional air pressure can interfere with the balance of the tire’s weight.
   
2. Tire Rim Damage: If the tire rim is damaged or compromised, it can lead to gaps between the tire and the rim, allowing air to enter. This can happen if the loader has been involved in rough terrain work or has struck something hard, like a rock or debris, which can cause damage to the tire’s seal.
   
3. Improper Installation or Maintenance: In some cases, if the tire is not properly mounted or sealed during installation, air can find its way into the loaded tire. Additionally, incorrect or incomplete maintenance routines can exacerbate this problem over time, as the tire’s integrity is compromised.
   
4. Temperature Changes: Fluctuations in temperature can also cause air to get trapped inside the tire. As the tire heats up or cools down, the liquid inside contracts or expands, and any air in the tire could potentially be pushed in or out. This is particularly noticeable during seasonal changes or in extreme weather conditions.
   

Symptoms of Air in the Loaded Tire
When air enters the loaded tire, operators will notice various symptoms, which can be signs that something is wrong:

1. Reduced Traction: Loaded tires are designed to improve traction, and if air has entered, the weight distribution may become uneven, leading to a reduction in traction. This can be dangerous, especially when operating in muddy or loose surfaces.
   
2. Sluggish Operation: If the tire is not functioning as it should, the loader may become less responsive, especially when performing heavy lifting tasks or making tight turns.
   
3. Irregular Wear Patterns: Air in the loaded tire can cause the tire to wear unevenly, as the pressure imbalance will cause it to contact the ground differently. This can lead to premature tire wear and require early replacement.
   
4. Unusual Vibrations: Uneven weight distribution in the tire may lead to vibrations when the loader is in operation. These vibrations can affect the overall performance of the machinery and may even damage other components over time.
   

Fixing Air in the Loaded Tire
Once the issue of air entering a loaded tire is identified, it’s crucial to fix it promptly to avoid further damage. Here are the steps and tips to address this issue:

1. Check Valve Stem and Valve Core:
   • Inspect the Valve: The first step is to inspect the valve stem and the valve core for any visible signs of damage or wear. If the valve appears damaged or corroded, replace it immediately.
     
   • Tighten Valve Core: If the valve core is loose, tighten it with the proper tools, ensuring that there’s no gap where air can enter.
     
2. Examine the Rim:
   • Check for Rim Damage: Inspect the rim for any visible signs of damage or cracks. A damaged rim may need to be replaced or repaired to ensure proper sealing with the tire.
     
   • Re-seal the Tire: If the tire has lost its seal with the rim, it’s necessary to re-seat the tire onto the rim and use a bead sealer to help ensure an airtight connection.
     
3. Rebalance the Tire:
   • If the tire has accumulated air over time, it’s important to rebalance it. This involves releasing the air from the tire to return it to its correct load state, followed by checking the liquid inside to ensure it’s at the appropriate level.
     
4. Add Tire Sealant:
   • Prevent Future Leaks: After addressing the issue of air entering the tire, consider adding a tire sealant. These can help seal small leaks or punctures, preventing air from entering in the future.
     
5. Consult a Professional:
   • If the issue persists or if the tire shows significant damage, it’s best to consult a professional who specializes in heavy machinery tire repair. They will have the tools and expertise to assess the situation thoroughly and recommend the best course of action.
     

Preventing Air from Entering in the Future
While it’s impossible to completely eliminate the possibility of air entering a loaded tire, there are steps you can take to minimize the risk:

1. Regular Inspections: Make a habit of regularly inspecting tires, especially the valve stems and rims, for any signs of wear or damage. Early detection of problems can save significant repair costs down the line.
   
2. Proper Storage: If you’re not using the loader for an extended period, store it in a controlled environment where temperature fluctuations won’t be as extreme. This reduces the likelihood of air being trapped inside.
   
3. Ensure Proper Tire Maintenance: Regularly check the liquid level inside the loaded tire and ensure that it’s topped up correctly. This can help maintain the tire’s performance and minimize the impact of air entering the tire.
   

Conclusion
Managing air in loaded tires is an important aspect of maintaining a Michigan loader or any other heavy equipment. By understanding the causes of air entry, recognizing the symptoms of the problem, and implementing effective solutions, operators can ensure their equipment operates at peak efficiency. Regular maintenance and careful monitoring of tire conditions will help prolong the life of the tires, save on repair costs, and enhance the overall safety and productivity of the machine.