Troubleshooting Steering Issues in Cat 951C: Hard Time Turning Right in 2nd Gear

[MikePhua]

The Cat 951C is a versatile crawler loader used in construction, landscaping, and other heavy-duty applications. It is equipped with hydraulic steering and transmission systems that allow it to handle tough jobs with ease. However, like any heavy equipment, it is prone to mechanical issues over time. One common issue that operators face is difficulty turning in certain gears, such as having trouble turning right in 2nd gear. This article explores the possible causes, symptoms, and troubleshooting steps for this issue.
Understanding the Steering and Transmission Systems
The Cat 951C crawler loader uses hydraulic steering and a torque converter transmission. These systems work together to provide smooth movement and turning capabilities.

• Hydraulic Steering System: This system uses hydraulic fluid pressure to assist in turning the tracks. When you turn the steering lever, hydraulic fluid is directed to either the left or right steering motor, which controls the corresponding track's movement.
  
• Torque Converter Transmission: The transmission system in the 951C is designed to provide variable speed and torque through a fluid coupling mechanism. It allows the loader to change gears smoothly, which is essential for operations like digging, lifting, and maneuvering.
  

Any issue with these systems can affect the loader’s ability to turn smoothly, especially in higher gears.
Symptoms of the Issue
If your Cat 951C loader is having a hard time turning right in 2nd gear, you will likely notice the following symptoms:

• Difficulty in steering: Turning the steering lever to the right feels unresponsive or sluggish, especially when moving in 2nd gear.
  
• Uneven movement: The loader may move unevenly when attempting to turn right, with one track not responding as quickly as the other.
  
• Increased strain or noise: You might hear strange noises or feel additional strain when trying to steer, which could indicate an issue with the hydraulic system.
  
• Jerky movement: The loader may exhibit jerky or delayed movement when shifting between gears or turning, particularly in 2nd gear.
  

These symptoms often suggest a problem with either the hydraulic steering system, the transmission system, or both.
Possible Causes of the Issue
Several issues could cause difficulty turning in 2nd gear. These problems are often related to either the hydraulic system, the transmission, or the mechanical components responsible for steering. Let’s break down the potential causes:
1. Hydraulic Steering System Problems

• Low Hydraulic Fluid: Insufficient hydraulic fluid can lead to weak or unresponsive steering. If the fluid level is low, the hydraulic pressure required to turn the right track may be insufficient.
  
• Clogged Hydraulic Filter: A clogged hydraulic filter can restrict the flow of fluid to the steering motor, reducing its effectiveness.
  
• Damaged Steering Motor: If the hydraulic steering motor is damaged or worn out, it may not be able to provide the necessary force to turn the track effectively.
  
• Leaking Hydraulic Lines: Leaks in the hydraulic lines, particularly those feeding the right-side steering motor, could cause a loss of pressure, making it hard to steer in that direction.
  

2. Transmission System Issues

• Worn Transmission Components: Over time, the components of the transmission, such as the torque converter or gears, may wear out. If there’s excessive wear, shifting may become rough, and turning in higher gears (like 2nd gear) may become problematic.
  
• Faulty Shifting Mechanism: If the transmission is not shifting properly, it could cause uneven power distribution between the tracks, making steering difficult.
  
• Low Transmission Fluid: Insufficient fluid levels in the transmission can affect gear shifting, causing jerky movements and difficulty in turning, especially when under load.
  

3. Mechanical Problems

• Misaligned Tracks: If the tracks are misaligned or there’s an issue with the sprockets or rollers, it can affect the movement of the loader and make turning difficult. Misalignment could cause one side to move more slowly than the other, making turning hard.
  
• Worn or Broken Steering Clutches: The steering clutches are responsible for applying pressure to the tracks during steering. If these clutches are worn or damaged, it may not engage properly when attempting to turn, especially in 2nd gear.
  
• Damaged Linkages or Cables: The linkages that control the hydraulic valves or steering controls may be loose, worn, or damaged, causing them to not engage properly when you try to turn.
  

Troubleshooting Steps
To pinpoint the exact cause of the steering issue in your Cat 951C, follow these troubleshooting steps:
Step 1: Check Hydraulic Fluid Levels

• Inspect fluid levels: Check both the hydraulic fluid reservoir and the transmission fluid levels. Low levels of fluid in either system can cause steering and transmission issues.
  
• Look for leaks: Examine all hydraulic lines, including those connected to the steering motor, for leaks. Any visible leaks should be repaired, and the system should be topped up with the correct type of fluid.
  
• Inspect the filter: If the hydraulic fluid is low or dirty, consider replacing the hydraulic filter to ensure smooth fluid flow.
  

Step 2: Inspect the Hydraulic Steering Motor

• Check the motor condition: If there are signs of damage or wear on the steering motor, it may need to be replaced or rebuilt. Check for any abnormal noises or performance inconsistencies when attempting to steer.
  
• Test the motor operation: If possible, test the hydraulic steering motor’s performance by engaging the loader and observing its response to steering inputs. If it’s sluggish or unresponsive, the motor may need servicing.
  

Step 3: Examine the Transmission System

• Inspect the transmission fluid: Low or dirty transmission fluid can cause erratic shifting, leading to difficulty in turning. If necessary, change the transmission fluid and inspect the transmission for any signs of wear.
  
• Check the torque converter: The torque converter could be slipping or failing, causing a lack of power delivery to the tracks. A mechanical inspection of the converter is necessary to rule out internal issues.
  

Step 4: Inspect the Tracks and Steering Clutches

• Check for misalignment: Verify that the tracks are aligned properly and are not causing uneven movement. Misalignment can make turning difficult, especially in 2nd gear.
  
• Inspect the steering clutches: If the clutches are worn, they may not be applying the required pressure to the tracks. Worn clutches may need to be replaced or repaired.
  

Step 5: Test the Mechanical Linkages

• Check the linkages: Inspect the linkages that connect the hydraulic steering valves and the steering lever. If there’s any slack, wear, or damage, the linkages may need to be adjusted or replaced.
  

Conclusion
If your Cat 951C is having trouble turning right in 2nd gear, it’s essential to first diagnose whether the issue lies with the hydraulic system, the transmission, or mechanical components. Regular maintenance, such as checking fluid levels, inspecting hydraulic motors, and replacing worn parts, can help prevent these issues from arising. If the problem persists despite troubleshooting, seeking the expertise of a professional mechanic or technician is advisable to ensure that the issue is resolved quickly and effectively.
Understanding the mechanics behind your loader and maintaining its systems will ensure that it operates efficiently, providing reliable performance on the job site.