Troubleshooting and Maintenance Tips for Bobcat 337 Excavator

[MikePhua]

The Bobcat 337 is a compact, powerful machine designed to perform in tight spaces while delivering the performance required for demanding jobs. Commonly used in construction, landscaping, and municipal projects, the 337 series is known for its durability and efficiency. However, like all machinery, it can face certain challenges throughout its lifecycle. One common issue with the Bobcat 337, and excavators in general, is operational inefficiency and mechanical failure. In this article, we will explore common problems faced by owners of the Bobcat 337, how to troubleshoot them, and maintenance tips to ensure long-term performance.
Understanding the Bobcat 337 Excavator
Before diving into specific issues, it’s important to first understand the key features and systems of the Bobcat 337:

1. Engine and Powertrain
   • The Bobcat 337 is powered by a 3-cylinder diesel engine, providing ample power for its compact size. The engine’s smooth operation is critical for productivity and reliability.
     
   • Tip: Regular maintenance, including oil and filter changes, can greatly extend the lifespan of the engine and reduce unexpected breakdowns.
     
2. Hydraulic System
   • The hydraulic system is one of the most critical parts of any excavator. The 337 uses hydraulics to operate the arm, bucket, and boom, with fluid circulating under high pressure.
     
   • Troubleshooting Tip: If the machine is not operating at full hydraulic strength, check for air in the lines, low hydraulic fluid, or issues with the pump.
     
3. Undercarriage and Tracks
   • The undercarriage of the 337 includes tracks and track rollers designed to handle uneven terrain. Maintaining these components is essential for stability and mobility.
     
   • Maintenance Tip: Regularly check for wear on the tracks, track rollers, and sprockets. Track tension should also be checked to ensure proper operation.
     
4. Cab and Controls
   • The operator’s cab in the Bobcat 337 is equipped with intuitive controls that allow for smooth operation. Problems with the cab often stem from hydraulic or electrical issues rather than mechanical ones.
     
   • Troubleshooting Tip: If controls feel unresponsive or erratic, check the electrical connections and hydraulic system. Sometimes a recalibration is necessary.
     

Common Problems and Their Solutions
While the Bobcat 337 is a reliable machine, it can face certain challenges, especially as it ages or is subjected to harsh working conditions. Here are some common problems and their solutions:
1. Engine Starting Problems
Cause:

• Starting issues can stem from a variety of sources including dead batteries, clogged fuel lines, or poor compression in the engine.
  
• Symptoms: The engine struggles to start, or doesn’t turn over at all.
  

Solution:

• Battery: Start by checking the battery for charge and ensuring the terminals are clean and tightly connected.
  
• Fuel System: Check for blockages in the fuel lines or air filters, which can restrict the engine’s fuel flow.
  
• Compression: If the issue persists, it could be a problem with compression. A compression test should be done by a professional mechanic to confirm any major engine damage.
  

2. Hydraulic Issues
Cause:

• Hydraulic systems are the backbone of excavator operations. Common issues include low hydraulic fluid, air in the lines, or a failing hydraulic pump.
  
• Symptoms: Slow or unresponsive bucket movements, reduced lifting capability, or erratic boom movements.
  

Solution:

• Fluid Levels: Check hydraulic fluid levels and top up if necessary. If there’s a persistent drop in levels, look for leaks around hoses, cylinders, and fittings.
  
• Air in the Lines: Bleed the system to remove air, which can reduce the efficiency of the hydraulics.
  
• Pump Failure: If the pump is making strange noises or not performing properly, it may need to be replaced or repaired by a professional.
  

3. Track Wear and Tear
Cause:

• Excessive wear on the tracks is a common issue, particularly in rocky or uneven terrain. The tracks are exposed to constant stress, which can lead to premature wear and tear.
  
• Symptoms: Uneven movement, difficulty turning, or noticeable wear on the track pads and rollers.
  

Solution:

• Track Tension: Ensure the tracks are properly tensioned. Loose tracks can cause unnecessary wear on the undercarriage and result in premature failure.
  
• Track Inspection: Regularly inspect the tracks for wear, cracks, or foreign objects lodged between them. Replacing worn track pads or rollers can prevent further damage.
  

4. Electrical and Control Issues
Cause:

• Electrical issues can occur due to damaged wiring, corroded connectors, or malfunctioning switches.
  
• Symptoms: Unresponsive controls, erratic operation, or failure of lights and indicators.
  

Solution:

• Wiring and Connections: Inspect the wiring and connections for visible signs of wear or corrosion. Clean and tighten any loose connections.
  
• Fuses: Check the fuses and replace any that are blown.
  
• Battery Terminals: Clean battery terminals to ensure proper electrical flow to the cab’s electrical systems.
  

5. Leaks and Fluid Loss
Cause:

• Leaks can occur in various systems, including the hydraulics, fuel system, and engine oil.
  
• Symptoms: Oil spots on the ground, low fluid levels, or difficulty maintaining operational pressure.
  

Solution:

• Check Hoses and Fittings: Inspect all hoses and fittings for signs of wear or damage. Replace any cracked or leaking hoses.
  
• Gasket and Seal Inspection: Worn-out gaskets or seals can also lead to leaks. Regularly check these components for wear.
  
• Fluid Levels: Always ensure that fluids are topped up to the proper levels, and monitor them frequently to prevent unexpected drops.
  

Maintenance Tips to Extend the Life of Your Bobcat 337

1. Regular Fluid Checks:
   Check engine oil, hydraulic fluid, coolant, and fuel levels regularly. Keeping the fluids at optimal levels ensures smoother operation and reduces wear on internal components.
   
2. Track Maintenance:
   Inspect tracks and rollers for wear. Proper tensioning and regular inspection can extend the lifespan of your undercarriage.
   
3. Cleaning the Machine:
   Keeping your Bobcat 337 clean can help you spot issues early, such as leaks or parts that are wearing out. Regular cleaning also helps prevent dirt buildup in critical areas like the engine and hydraulic systems.
   
4. Scheduled Servicing:
   Follow the manufacturer’s recommended service schedule. Regular servicing can catch minor issues before they turn into expensive repairs.
   
5. Proper Operating Techniques:
   Operating the machine with care is vital to its longevity. Avoid overloading or pushing the machine beyond its rated capacity, and use smooth movements to reduce stress on the hydraulics and engine.
   

Conclusion
The Bobcat 337 is a powerful, versatile excavator that can handle a wide range of tasks, but like all heavy equipment, it requires regular maintenance and care. By staying on top of common issues such as engine problems, hydraulic failures, and track wear, owners can ensure their machine operates efficiently for years. Troubleshooting fluid loss, electrical issues, and control malfunctions early can save time and money by preventing further damage. Regular checks and servicing will help maintain its performance, ensuring that the Bobcat 337 continues to be a reliable tool on the job site.