Understanding the 1990 Bobcat 843 Skid Steer Loader: Key Features and Common Issues

[MikePhua]

The 1990 Bobcat 843 is a part of the Bobcat family of skid steer loaders that has earned a strong reputation for its durability, versatility, and ease of use. Whether used for construction, landscaping, or agricultural tasks, the 843 is built to handle various heavy-duty lifting, digging, and pushing jobs. Despite being an older model, it remains popular in the second-hand market due to its dependable performance.
This article will provide an overview of the 1990 Bobcat 843, its main features, common issues, and essential maintenance tips that can keep it running smoothly for years.
Key Features of the 1990 Bobcat 843

1. Powerful Engine Performance
   

The 1990 Bobcat 843 is equipped with a 46.5 horsepower, 4-cylinder engine that offers sufficient power to handle a wide range of tasks. This engine provides a balance of torque and speed, ensuring efficient operation whether you’re lifting heavy loads or performing precise maneuvers. While it may not compete with modern, high-horsepower models, the 843’s engine is perfectly suited for medium-duty work on smaller to mid-sized job sites.

1. Compact Size and Maneuverability
   

One of the standout features of the Bobcat 843 is its compact size, which makes it highly maneuverable in tight spaces. With a width of approximately 63 inches and a lifting capacity of up to 1,300 pounds, this skid steer loader can navigate narrow aisles, construction sites, or urban environments with ease. Whether working on small construction projects or landscaping jobs, the 843 can access areas where larger equipment would struggle.

1. Hydraulic System and Lifting Capabilities
   

The hydraulic system on the 1990 Bobcat 843 is one of its defining features, enabling the machine to lift and carry heavy loads with precision. It has a lift height of around 10 feet, making it suitable for lifting materials such as gravel, sand, dirt, and construction debris. The quick coupling hydraulic connections also allow the operator to switch between attachments—such as buckets, forks, or snowplows—without needing to leave the cab.

1. Operator Comfort and Safety
   

Bobcat has always emphasized operator comfort, and the 843 is no exception. The cab is designed to provide good visibility, easy-to-use controls, and a relatively smooth ride. The controls are intuitive, making the machine accessible to both experienced operators and those just starting out with skid steer loaders. The layout is designed for efficient operation, allowing users to control the loader's movement and attachments without unnecessary complexity.
Common Issues with the 1990 Bobcat 843
While the 1990 Bobcat 843 is generally known for its reliability, it does experience some common issues that may arise with older machinery or frequent use. Below are a few problems that operators should be aware of:

1. Hydraulic Problems
   

One of the most common issues with the Bobcat 843 involves its hydraulic system. Over time, hydraulic components such as hoses, pumps, and cylinders can wear down or develop leaks. If you notice that the loader’s lifting capacity has decreased or the arms are moving slower than usual, it could indicate a hydraulic fluid leak or a failing pump. Regularly checking the hydraulic system and replacing worn seals or hoses can prevent more serious issues from developing.

1. Drive System Wear
   

As with any skid steer loader, the drive system is critical for efficient operation. Over time, the 843’s drive motors or transmission may begin to wear, particularly if the machine is frequently used on rough or uneven terrain. Signs of drive system problems may include unusual noises, reduced power, or difficulty in moving the loader in both forward and reverse. Regular maintenance, including fluid checks and motor inspections, is essential to extend the life of the drive system.

1. Electrical Issues
   

Older Bobcat machines, including the 843, may experience electrical issues as components age. Common problems can include faulty fuses, wiring issues, or battery problems. If the loader’s lights, gauges, or other electrical functions stop working, it may be due to a damaged or corroded connection. Routine electrical system checks can help identify and correct these problems before they cause more significant failures.

1. Engine Performance Issues
   

The engine on the 1990 Bobcat 843, while solid, can suffer from a variety of performance issues as it ages. This may include difficulty starting the engine, misfiring, or reduced power output. These problems can often be traced to faulty spark plugs, clogged fuel filters, or worn-out fuel injectors. Regular engine maintenance, including oil changes, air filter replacements, and fuel system cleanings, is key to keeping the engine running smoothly.
Maintaining the 1990 Bobcat 843
Regular maintenance is crucial for keeping the 1990 Bobcat 843 in top condition. The following tips can help prolong the life of your loader and ensure optimal performance:

1. Routine Oil and Fluid Changes
   

Changing the engine oil and hydraulic fluids on a regular schedule is one of the most important steps in maintaining the Bobcat 843. Old, degraded oil can lead to increased wear on internal engine components, while low hydraulic fluid levels can reduce the machine's lifting capacity. Always use the manufacturer-recommended fluids and filters for optimal performance.

1. Inspect the Tires and Tracks
   

The Bobcat 843 uses either pneumatic tires or steel tracks depending on the model, both of which require regular inspection. Over time, tires can become worn or damaged, and steel tracks can develop issues such as loose links or damaged treads. Regularly inspecting the tires or tracks for wear can help prevent issues that could lead to downtime and costly repairs.

1. Clean the Air Filter
   

The air filter on the Bobcat 843 prevents debris and dust from entering the engine, which can cause significant damage over time. Cleaning or replacing the air filter regularly is crucial for maintaining engine performance. If you operate in dusty or dirty environments, consider checking and cleaning the air filter more frequently.

1. Check the Battery and Electrical System
   

The electrical system on older equipment can be prone to issues, so regular inspection is essential. Checking the battery for corrosion, cleaning electrical terminals, and ensuring that the machine's lights and gauges are functioning properly can save you from inconvenient breakdowns.
A Real-World Example: The Bobcat 843 in Action
A landscaping company in a suburban area used their 1990 Bobcat 843 to complete various tasks, including moving soil, loading gravel, and clearing brush. They often worked in tight spaces, which made the compact size of the 843 ideal for navigating around obstacles and accessing hard-to-reach areas.
However, after several years of heavy use, the company noticed that the loader was having trouble lifting heavier loads, and the hydraulic system seemed to be sluggish. They took the machine in for a service check, where the hydraulic pump was found to be leaking. After replacing the pump and seals, the machine returned to full capacity, allowing the crew to resume work without delays.
This story highlights the importance of regular maintenance and quick intervention when issues arise. While the 843 was a reliable machine, keeping up with maintenance ensured that the equipment continued to serve the business well.
Conclusion: The Value of the 1990 Bobcat 843
The 1990 Bobcat 843 remains a solid choice for anyone needing a compact, versatile, and reliable skid steer loader. Though it may have some common issues due to age or frequent use, with the right care and maintenance, it can continue to perform well for many years. Its compact size, combined with its powerful engine and hydraulic system, makes it a valuable tool for a wide range of industries, from construction to landscaping and farming.
For those in the market for a used skid steer, the Bobcat 843 offers a balance of affordability, performance, and versatility, particularly when well-maintained. By staying on top of routine checks and repairs, you can get the most out of this rugged workhorse.