Troubleshooting and Repairing Wheel Bearings on the 246 Skid Steer

[MikePhua]

Skid steers, like the Bobcat 246, are workhorses on construction sites, farms, and landscaping projects, known for their maneuverability and heavy lifting capabilities. However, like all machinery, they are prone to wear and tear, and one of the most common issues that operators face is problems with the wheel bearings. These components, while small, play a crucial role in ensuring smooth operation, and when they fail, they can cause significant downtime and repair costs.
This article will explore the common symptoms of wheel bearing issues, the steps to diagnose and repair them, and preventative maintenance tips to extend the life of your skid steer’s wheel bearings.
Common Symptoms of Wheel Bearing Issues
Wheel bearings are responsible for reducing friction between the wheel and axle, ensuring smooth rotation. When these bearings wear out or get damaged, they can cause a range of issues that affect the performance of the skid steer. Some of the most common symptoms of wheel bearing problems include:

1. Noise: One of the first signs of a bad wheel bearing is an unusual noise coming from the wheel or axle area. This might be a grinding, humming, or whirring sound that becomes more pronounced as the machine moves. The noise may intensify with speed or load, indicating that the bearing is no longer functioning properly.
   
2. Vibration: As the wheel bearing deteriorates, you may feel vibrations through the steering wheel or the operator's seat. This can make it difficult to control the skid steer, especially at higher speeds or when making sharp turns.
   
3. Uneven Tire Wear: A damaged wheel bearing can cause uneven tire wear. If you notice one tire is wearing out faster than the others or the tread is uneven, it could be a sign of bearing failure. The misalignment caused by the failing bearing can put uneven pressure on the tire.
   
4. Excessive Heat: In some cases, a bad wheel bearing may generate excessive heat, which can be felt on the wheel or axle. This heat is a result of friction, as the bearing fails to rotate smoothly, leading to overheating and potential damage to other parts of the wheel assembly.
   
5. Looseness or Play in the Wheel: If the wheel feels loose or wobbles when you lift it off the ground, this could indicate that the wheel bearing is worn out. There should be minimal play in the wheel when the bearing is in good condition.
   

Diagnosing Wheel Bearing Problems
Diagnosing wheel bearing issues involves a combination of visual inspection, listening for unusual sounds, and physical checks for movement or looseness. Follow these steps to assess the condition of the bearings:

1. Visual Inspection: Begin by inspecting the wheel and axle area for any signs of damage or excessive wear. Look for grease leaks or debris that may have accumulated around the wheel. If there is grease on the wheel or axle, the bearing may have failed, causing the grease to leak out.
   
2. Listen for Noise: Start the skid steer and listen closely to the wheel area. If you hear any grinding, whining, or clicking sounds, this could be a sign that the bearings are failing. A healthy bearing should operate quietly without any noticeable noise.
   
3. Check for Play: Lift the wheel off the ground and try to move it by hand. There should be minimal play. If you notice that the wheel moves up and down or side to side, the bearing may be loose or worn out.
   
4. Check for Overheating: After running the skid steer for a short period, touch the wheel area to feel for excessive heat. If the wheel bearing is generating heat, it may be a sign that it's malfunctioning and needs to be replaced.
   

Repairing the Wheel Bearing
If you’ve diagnosed that the wheel bearing on your Bobcat 246 or any other skid steer is failing, here’s how you can proceed with the repair:

1. Prepare the Equipment: Ensure the skid steer is on a flat, stable surface, and the wheels are safely lifted off the ground using a jack or lifting equipment. Make sure the machine is powered off and the hydraulic system is depressurized.
   
2. Remove the Wheel: Use a socket wrench to remove the bolts securing the wheel to the axle. You may need a breaker bar if the bolts are tightly fastened. Once the bolts are removed, take off the wheel to access the bearing.
   
3. Inspect the Bearing: Carefully examine the wheel bearing for visible damage, such as pitting, cracking, or excessive wear. If the bearing feels rough or is visibly damaged, it needs to be replaced.
   
4. Remove the Old Bearing: To remove the bearing, use a bearing puller or a press tool if necessary. Make sure not to damage the axle or the surrounding components. Take care when removing the bearing to avoid further damage to the hub assembly.
   
5. Install the New Bearing: Place the new bearing into the wheel hub. Use the correct tool or press to ensure that the bearing is seated correctly. Make sure the bearing is aligned properly with the axle and is securely in place.
   
6. Reassemble the Wheel: After replacing the bearing, reassemble the wheel onto the axle, securing it with the bolts. Tighten the bolts evenly to avoid damaging the wheel or the axle.
   
7. Test the Machine: Once the new bearing is installed and the wheel is reassembled, test the machine by running it at low speed. Listen for any unusual noises or vibrations and check for proper wheel rotation.
   

Preventing Future Wheel Bearing Issues
To avoid the hassle and expense of repeated wheel bearing failures, regular maintenance is key. Here are a few preventive measures to keep your wheel bearings in top shape:

1. Regular Greasing: Wheel bearings require proper lubrication to function efficiently. Make sure to grease the bearings regularly, following the manufacturer's recommended intervals. Using the correct type of grease is also important for ensuring long-lasting performance.
   
2. Check for Damage: During routine inspections, look for signs of damage to the wheels, axles, and bearings. Any unusual wear should be addressed promptly to prevent further issues.
   
3. Keep the Wheel Area Clean: Ensure that the wheel and axle area are free from dirt and debris that could cause excessive wear on the bearings. Clean the area regularly to maintain optimal bearing performance.
   
4. Monitor Tire Wear: Uneven tire wear can indicate a bearing issue. Regularly check tire condition and alignment to ensure the load is evenly distributed across the wheels.
   

Conclusion
Wheel bearing problems on the Bobcat 246 skid steer can affect its performance and lead to costly repairs if not addressed quickly. Diagnosing bearing issues involves checking for symptoms like noise, vibration, and wheel play. Replacing worn or damaged bearings requires careful inspection and proper tools, but with the right approach, you can restore the machine’s performance and extend its lifespan.
By staying proactive with regular maintenance and keeping an eye out for early signs of bearing wear, you can keep your skid steer running smoothly for years. After all, like any machinery, skid steers require attention and care to ensure that they continue to deliver the performance and reliability that makes them indispensable on the job site.