CAT 317 Excavator: A Mid-Size Marvel in Earthmoving

[MikePhua]

Overview and Evolution
The Caterpillar 317 hydraulic excavator is a mid-size machine that balances power, precision, and versatility. Designed for general construction, utility work, and small-scale mining, the 317 has evolved through several iterations—from the early 317B L models to the modern 317-07 series, each offering incremental improvements in hydraulics, emissions, and operator comfort.
The latest 317 models feature a Cat C3.6 engine delivering 133 horsepower, meeting Tier 4 Final and EU Stage V emissions standards. With an operating weight of around 40,200 lbs, the machine offers a maximum digging depth of 21 feet and a reach of nearly 30 feet, making it ideal for trenching, grading, and material handling.
Hydraulics and Technology Integration
One of the standout features of the 317 is its advanced hydraulic system, which provides up to 78 gallons per minute of flow and 5,075 psi of pressure. This allows for smooth, responsive operation even under heavy loads. The excavator also supports a wide range of Cat attachments, including thumbs, grapples, and hammers, thanks to its auxiliary hydraulic options.
Modern units come equipped with Cat Grade with 2D, Payload, and VisionLink® telematics, enabling operators to monitor productivity, fuel usage, and maintenance schedules remotely. The Grade Assist feature automates digging to target depth and slope, reducing operator fatigue and improving accuracy.
Operator Comfort and Cab Features
The 317’s cab is designed with productivity in mind. Depending on the trim level—Comfort, Deluxe, or Premium—operators enjoy features like heated air-suspension seats, Bluetooth connectivity, and touchscreen monitors. The tip-up left console makes entry and exit easier, while advanced viscous mounts reduce vibration.
A contractor in Georgia shared how his crew preferred the 317 over larger models for urban jobsites. “It’s quiet, nimble, and the cab feels like a cockpit. You don’t just operate it—you pilot it.”
Field Performance and Anecdotes
In 2023, a 317 excavator was used in a flood recovery project in Kentucky, where its compact footprint and powerful hydraulics allowed crews to clear debris and rebuild culverts in tight spaces. The operator noted, “It’s got the muscle of a 20-tonner but dances like a mini.”
Meanwhile, in Japan, the 317’s cold-start capability of -25°C (-13°F) proved essential during winter pipeline installations in Hokkaido. The machine started reliably each morning, even after overnight snowstorms.
Comparisons and Market Position
Compared to its predecessor, the CAT 316F, the 317 offers lower CO₂ emissions, improved fuel efficiency, and enhanced operator interface. It sits comfortably between the compact 315 and the heavier-duty 320, making it a favorite for contractors who need versatility without sacrificing performance.
The 317 GC variant offers a more budget-friendly option with simplified features, ideal for rental fleets and cost-conscious buyers.
Conclusion: Built for the Jobsite, Tuned for the Operator
The CAT 317 excavator is more than a machine—it’s a tool that adapts to the operator’s needs and the jobsite’s demands. With its blend of hydraulic power, smart technology, and ergonomic design, it continues to earn its place as a reliable workhorse in the mid-size excavator category. Whether digging trenches in Tokyo or lifting debris in Tennessee, the 317 proves that efficiency and comfort can coexist in heavy machinery.