Troubleshooting a 1970s Mustang 440 Skid Steer That Won't Turn Right

[MikePhua]

Skid steers, like the Mustang 440, are essential for a wide range of tasks in construction, landscaping, and demolition. Their versatility, compact size, and maneuverability make them ideal for tight spaces and challenging environments. However, even the most durable machines can experience problems as they age. One common issue with older skid steers, such as the 1970s Mustang 440, is when the machine won’t turn right.
In this article, we’ll explore the potential causes behind a Mustang 440 that won’t turn right, how to troubleshoot the problem, and some tips for keeping your skid steer running smoothly for years to come.
Understanding the Mustang 440 Skid Steer
The Mustang 440 is a mid-1970s skid steer loader designed with a compact frame, allowing it to operate in confined spaces. Like most skid steers, the 440 operates using a hydrostatic drive system that powers the wheels independently. Each wheel has its own hydraulic motor, which allows for differential movement between the wheels, enabling the machine to turn in place.
When there’s an issue with one side of the drive system, such as a failure to turn in one direction, it can be frustrating and time-consuming to diagnose and fix. Understanding the key components involved in the turning mechanism can help pinpoint the problem.
Common Causes for a Mustang 440 Skid Steer Not Turning Right
Several factors could prevent a Mustang 440 from turning right, including issues with the hydraulic system, drive motors, or steering mechanism. Here are some of the most common causes for this problem:

1. Hydraulic System Issues:
   • Since skid steers like the Mustang 440 rely on a hydrostatic drive system, the primary reason for a machine not turning correctly is often related to the hydraulic system. If the hydraulic pressure isn’t being properly distributed to the right side of the machine, it may prevent the right wheel from moving, causing the vehicle to not turn right.
     
   • Symptoms of hydraulic issues include sluggish response or complete lack of movement on one side.
     
2. Faulty Hydraulic Motor:
   • The Mustang 440 uses individual hydraulic motors to power each wheel. If one of these motors malfunctions, the machine may fail to turn in that direction.
     
   • Common issues include wear and tear on the motor, lack of fluid, or internal damage to the motor itself.
     
3. Clogged or Leaking Hydraulic Lines:
   • Over time, hydraulic lines can become clogged with dirt or debris, or they may begin to leak hydraulic fluid. This will lead to insufficient hydraulic pressure on one side of the machine, preventing it from turning as intended.
     
   • Even a small leak in the hydraulic system can drastically affect the machine's performance, causing a delay or failure to turn in the correct direction.
     
4. Worn or Damaged Steering Components:
   • The steering mechanism of the Mustang 440 could be worn or damaged. If the steering linkages, bushings, or cables are not functioning properly, the machine may struggle to steer in one direction.
     
   • Over time, wear and tear on the steering system can lead to poor control and the inability to turn.
     
5. Low or Contaminated Hydraulic Fluid:
   • Insufficient or dirty hydraulic fluid is one of the most common causes of steering problems in skid steers. If the fluid level is low or if the fluid has become contaminated with dirt or water, it can cause poor hydraulic function and prevent the machine from turning effectively.
     
   • Regular fluid checks and changes are essential to prevent this issue.
     

Troubleshooting the Mustang 440 Skid Steer: Step-by-Step Guide
When your Mustang 440 won’t turn right, you’ll need to troubleshoot the system methodically. Here’s a step-by-step guide to help you diagnose and fix the problem:

1. Check the Hydraulic Fluid:
   • The first step is to inspect the hydraulic fluid levels. Low fluid can prevent the hydraulic system from working properly, so make sure the fluid is at the proper level. If the fluid appears dirty or contaminated, drain it and replace it with fresh, clean hydraulic fluid.
     
   • Solution: If the fluid is low, top it off and check for leaks. If it's contaminated, replace it with the correct type of hydraulic fluid.
     
2. Inspect for Hydraulic Leaks:
   • Examine the hydraulic lines for signs of leaks. Even a small crack or hole in the lines can drastically affect hydraulic pressure. Pay attention to the right side of the machine, as this is the side that isn’t turning.
     
   • Solution: Replace any damaged or leaking hydraulic lines.
     
3. Test the Hydraulic Motor:
   • If the hydraulic system appears to be functioning correctly but the machine still won’t turn right, the issue could lie with the right-side hydraulic motor. Over time, these motors can wear out or become damaged, especially in older machines.
     
   • Solution: Perform a pressure test on the hydraulic motor or swap the left and right motors temporarily to see if the issue follows the motor. If the right-side motor is faulty, it will need to be repaired or replaced.
     
4. Inspect the Steering Mechanism:
   • The steering system of the Mustang 440 could also be a culprit. Look for worn or loose steering linkages, bushings, or steering cables. These components could become loose or damaged over time, especially if the machine has seen heavy use.
     
   • Solution: Tighten or replace any loose or damaged steering components.
     
5. Check for Internal Valve Issues:
   • The valves that control the hydraulic fluid distribution might be clogged or malfunctioning. If the flow of fluid to the right side is restricted, it will prevent the machine from turning.
     
   • Solution: Clean or replace any malfunctioning hydraulic valves and check for debris blocking the system.
     

Preventive Maintenance Tips for the Mustang 440
To avoid issues with the Mustang 440 skid steer in the future, it's essential to perform regular maintenance. Here are a few tips to help you keep your machine in optimal condition:

1. Regularly Check and Replace Hydraulic Fluid:
   • Make it a habit to check the hydraulic fluid levels and quality on a regular basis. Replace the fluid according to the manufacturer’s schedule to ensure that the hydraulic system functions properly.
     
2. Inspect for Leaks:
   • Conduct frequent inspections of the hydraulic lines and connections. Catching a leak early can save you from more significant issues down the line.
     
3. Grease Moving Parts:
   • Ensure that all moving parts, including steering linkages and pivot points, are regularly greased to reduce wear and tear. This will help prevent issues with the steering system and keep your machine operating smoothly.
     
4. Keep the Machine Clean:
   • Clean the skid steer regularly to prevent dirt and debris from entering the hydraulic system and causing blockages. A clean machine will last longer and perform better.
     

Conclusion: Keeping Your Mustang 440 Running Smoothly
A Mustang 440 skid steer that won’t turn right can be a frustrating issue, but with the right approach, it’s a problem that can usually be resolved quickly. By checking the hydraulic fluid, inspecting the hydraulic lines and motor, and ensuring the steering components are in good working order, you can identify and fix the issue. Regular maintenance is essential for preventing similar problems from arising in the future.
Understanding the common causes of steering issues and how to troubleshoot them will keep your Mustang 440 running at its best, saving you time and money in the long run.