Working in the Snow: Tips and Tricks for Heavy Equipment Operators

[MikePhua]

Working in the snow can be one of the most challenging aspects of operating heavy equipment. The cold temperatures, slick surfaces, and limited visibility can make even the most experienced operators feel uncomfortable and unsure. However, with the right equipment, preparation, and techniques, working in snowy conditions can be made much safer and more efficient. This article will provide useful tips and tricks for heavy equipment operators working in the snow, as well as stories and advice from seasoned professionals.
Preparing Your Equipment for Snow Work
The first and most important step before heading into snowy conditions is to ensure that your equipment is properly prepared. Just as you wouldn’t drive a car without checking the tires or fluids, your heavy equipment needs attention too. Here’s a checklist to help ensure your equipment is ready:

• Check the Tires or Tracks: Make sure that your machine's tires or tracks are in good condition. If you're using tires, opt for snow tires with deep treads designed for icy conditions. For tracked equipment, ensure the tracks are in good shape, as well-maintained tracks offer better traction in snow.
  
• Fluids and Lubricants: Cold weather can cause fluids to thicken, so it's important to use winter-grade oil and hydraulic fluid. Check that antifreeze levels are adequate, and consider adding an anti-gel agent to your diesel fuel if you're working in extreme cold.
  
• Battery Care: Cold temperatures can sap the strength of your machine’s battery. Ensure it’s fully charged and consider investing in a battery warmer, especially if you’re working in sub-zero temperatures.
  
• Lighting and Visibility: Snowstorms or cloudy days can reduce visibility significantly. Make sure all lights are working, and check for fogged-up windows. Also, consider adding extra lighting or strobe lights for better visibility to others.
  
• Clearing Snow Around Equipment: Before starting work, clear any snow around your equipment. Snow buildup can obstruct the engine intake or exhaust, causing overheating or other mechanical issues.
  

Techniques for Operating in Snow
Operating heavy equipment in snowy conditions requires both skill and patience. Here are some tried-and-true techniques to ensure safety and efficiency while working in the snow:

• Take It Slow: One of the most important things to remember when working in the snow is to slow down. Wet, heavy snow or ice-covered surfaces can cause your machine to slide or get stuck. Always take your time when moving to avoid losing traction.
  
• Use Proper Tire Pressure: In snowy conditions, low tire pressure can cause your tires to sink into the snow, making it harder to move. On the other hand, overinflated tires won’t have enough grip. Keeping your tires at the manufacturer’s recommended pressure will help prevent slipping and provide better control.
  
• Maintain Distance from Others: When snow is heavy or visibility is low, maintaining a safe distance between machines is essential. Avoid driving too closely to other equipment to prevent accidents. Keep in mind that your stopping distance on snow or ice will be longer than usual.
  
• Plan Your Routes: Before beginning any work, plan your routes carefully. Snow can conceal hidden obstacles like rocks, curbs, or even ditches. Always have an understanding of the terrain and where you will need to go, especially if you're working in a place you’re unfamiliar with.
  
• Adjust Speed for Conditions: When working in deep snow, try to maintain a steady speed, but be mindful of changing conditions. Snow can range from light and fluffy to wet and heavy, and your speed should adapt accordingly.
  
• Keep Your Equipment Clean: Snow can quickly accumulate on equipment, affecting its performance. Clear snow from around your machine periodically to avoid overheating, damage, or blockages. If your equipment uses a snowplow or blade, keep it free of snow to prevent it from becoming too heavy or ineffective.
  

Safety First: Protecting Yourself in Cold Weather
While preparing your equipment is critical, your safety is just as important. The extreme cold, slippery surfaces, and isolation can increase the risk of accidents or injury. Follow these tips to ensure your own safety:

• Dress in Layers: When working in snow, it’s essential to stay warm. Dress in moisture-wicking base layers, followed by insulating layers, and top it off with a waterproof jacket and pants. Always wear a hat, gloves, and thermal socks. Make sure your clothing allows for mobility, but also keeps you insulated.
  
• Use Heated Gear: If you’re spending extended hours in cold conditions, consider investing in heated gear like gloves, vests, or insoles. These can be lifesavers when it comes to maintaining body temperature in extreme cold.
  
• Take Frequent Breaks: Even if you’re feeling fine, your body can become fatigued much quicker in cold conditions. Take regular breaks inside a warm vehicle or shelter to rest, hydrate, and regain body heat.
  
• Stay Hydrated and Nourished: Cold weather can suppress your thirst, but it's important to stay hydrated. Drink plenty of fluids, and eat high-energy foods to maintain your stamina throughout the day.
  
• Mind Your Steps: Snow can create slippery walking conditions, so be mindful of your footing when exiting your equipment. Use anti-slip footwear and walk slowly to avoid slipping and falling.
  

Dealing with Equipment Failures in Snowy Conditions
Even the best-prepared machines can experience problems in extreme weather. Snow and ice can affect all parts of a machine, from the engine to the hydraulic system. Here’s what you should do if you encounter equipment failure:

• Stuck Equipment: If your equipment gets stuck in the snow, avoid excessive rocking or spinning of the tracks or wheels, as this can worsen the situation. Instead, try using a winch or other equipment to pull the loader or excavator out slowly. If available, use snow chains or mats under the tires to help provide traction.
  
• Frozen Hydraulic Lines: Cold temperatures can cause hydraulic lines to freeze, leading to system malfunctions. Always check your hydraulic fluid before starting work and consider adding anti-freeze or using heaters to prevent freezing.
  
• Engine and Fuel Issues: Diesel fuel can gel in freezing temperatures, causing the engine to fail. Always use winterized diesel or additives to prevent this issue. Additionally, keep the engine warm and check for blockages in the intake if there’s a snow buildup.
  

Lessons from the Field: Stories from Operators
Operators who have worked in snowy conditions often share similar advice: always expect the unexpected. One operator recalls working on a construction site where snow accumulated so quickly that visibility dropped to almost zero. The crew had to halt work, not because of the snow, but because they could no longer see where the equipment was heading.
Another operator shared the importance of clearing snow from the tracks regularly. He noted that during a storm, a couple of inches of snow accumulated on the tracks and caused the machine to lose traction. A quick snow removal saved hours of downtime.
Conclusion
Snowy conditions present unique challenges for heavy equipment operators, but with proper preparation and attention to safety, these conditions can be managed effectively. Regular equipment maintenance, smart operating techniques, and taking care of your body and mind in cold conditions are the keys to success. And remember, no matter how experienced you are, working in the snow always requires patience and adaptability. When in doubt, slow down, plan ahead, and always prioritize safety.