Dresser 550 and 555: A Look at Performance, Common Issues, and Maintenance Tips

[MikePhua]

The Dresser 550 and 555 are iconic track-type tractors that have been widely used in construction, agriculture, and land-clearing applications. Known for their rugged durability and reliability, these machines are designed to handle tough tasks such as grading, pushing, and pulling, making them indispensable for heavy-duty projects. However, like all heavy equipment, the Dresser 550 and 555 can face specific challenges over time. In this article, we’ll explore the performance features, common issues, and provide some practical maintenance tips to help owners get the most out of these machines.
Overview of the Dresser 550 and 555
The Dresser 550 and 555 are part of a series of track-type tractors designed for high-performance applications. Both models are equipped with powerful diesel engines, capable of delivering impressive horsepower for demanding tasks. These machines are typically used in earth-moving applications such as grading, excavation, and site preparation.
Dresser 550
The Dresser 550 is a mid-size track-type tractor equipped with a 6-cylinder diesel engine. Its compact design makes it versatile, especially for projects that require high maneuverability in tighter spaces. Known for its fuel efficiency and durable components, the 550 is often favored for land-clearing and construction tasks where power and mobility are essential.
Dresser 555
The Dresser 555 is a larger, more powerful version of the 550. With increased horsepower and lifting capacity, it is suitable for heavier-duty tasks. The 555 model excels in pushing, grading, and hauling materials over rough terrains. While its size may limit its maneuverability in certain applications, it makes up for this with its superior power and reliability on large-scale projects.
Common Issues with the Dresser 550 and 555
Despite their strong reputation, both the Dresser 550 and 555 are not immune to issues that can arise from regular use and age. Understanding these common problems can help operators and mechanics diagnose and repair issues efficiently.

1. Hydraulic System Problems
   The hydraulic systems on both the Dresser 550 and 555 are crucial for powering the steering, lifting, and blade functions. Hydraulic fluid leaks, worn seals, and pump failure are common issues. If the machine exhibits sluggish or unresponsive movements when operating the blade or steering, it could be due to low hydraulic fluid levels, air in the system, or damaged components.
   
2. Engine Overheating
   Engine overheating can occur due to a variety of factors, such as a clogged radiator, low coolant levels, or a malfunctioning thermostat. Overheating can lead to severe engine damage if not addressed immediately. Regular inspection of the radiator and cooling system is essential to avoid this issue.
   
3. Transmission and Final Drive Problems
   Both the Dresser 550 and 555 are equipped with powerful transmissions, but they can experience problems over time, particularly if the fluid levels are not maintained or if components become worn. Symptoms of transmission issues include difficulty shifting gears, slipping gears, or grinding noises. The final drive, which transfers power from the transmission to the tracks, can also fail if not properly maintained.
   
4. Track Issues
   As with any tracked vehicle, track wear and tear are inevitable. Track misalignment, excessive wear on sprockets, and damaged or stretched tracks can affect the machine’s performance. It is crucial to regularly check track tension and alignment to ensure smooth operation.
   
5. Electrical Failures
   The electrical systems on both models can encounter issues, including faulty wiring, blown fuses, or issues with the alternator or starter motor. Electrical problems often lead to starting issues or erratic instrument panel readings.
   

Diagnosing and Troubleshooting Common Problems
To effectively diagnose issues with the Dresser 550 and 555, it’s essential to follow a methodical approach. Below are some tips for diagnosing the common problems mentioned:

1. Hydraulic System Troubleshooting
   • Symptoms: Sluggish blade movement, poor steering response.
     
   • Diagnosis: Check the hydraulic fluid levels and look for any visible leaks around hoses, cylinders, or pumps. If the fluid appears contaminated, replace it. Air in the hydraulic lines may also cause issues, requiring the system to be bled.
     
   • Solution: Replace damaged seals or hoses, and clean or replace the hydraulic fluid. If the pump is faulty, it may need to be rebuilt or replaced.
     
2. Engine Overheating Diagnosis
   • Symptoms: High engine temperature gauge readings, warning lights indicating overheating.
     
   • Diagnosis: Inspect the radiator and cooling system for blockages, leaks, or damaged hoses. Check the coolant level and ensure that the thermostat is functioning correctly.
     
   • Solution: Clean the radiator to remove any debris, replace any damaged hoses, and top off the coolant. If the thermostat is malfunctioning, replace it.
     
3. Transmission and Final Drive Troubleshooting
   • Symptoms: Difficulty shifting gears, grinding noises, power loss to tracks.
     
   • Diagnosis: Check the transmission fluid level and inspect for any metal shavings in the fluid, which could indicate internal wear. Inspect the final drive for leaks or excessive wear.
     
   • Solution: Replace low or contaminated transmission fluid. If the final drive is damaged, it may require disassembly and repair or replacement.
     
4. Track Maintenance
   • Symptoms: Uneven wear, difficulty moving, noise from the tracks.
     
   • Diagnosis: Inspect the tracks for tightness and alignment. Check the sprockets and track links for wear or damage.
     
   • Solution: Adjust the track tension to the manufacturer’s specifications. Replace worn sprockets, track links, or bushings as necessary.
     
5. Electrical System Troubleshooting
   • Symptoms: Starting problems, flickering lights, erratic gauge readings.
     
   • Diagnosis: Inspect the battery, alternator, and wiring for signs of corrosion or damage. Check fuses for continuity and replace any that are blown.
     
   • Solution: Clean the battery terminals, replace the alternator if it is malfunctioning, and repair or replace any damaged wiring or fuses.
     

Maintenance Tips to Extend the Life of Your Dresser 550 and 555
To keep your Dresser 550 or 555 in peak condition and avoid costly repairs, regular maintenance is key. Here are some helpful tips to ensure the longevity of your equipment:

1. Regularly Check Fluids
   Always monitor hydraulic fluid, engine oil, and coolant levels. Replace fluids according to the manufacturer's recommendations and ensure they are free from contaminants.
   
2. Track Inspections
   Periodically inspect the tracks for wear, proper tension, and alignment. Regular adjustments and proper maintenance of the undercarriage can significantly extend the lifespan of the tracks.
   
3. Clean the Cooling System
   Keep the radiator and cooling fins clean to ensure the engine does not overheat. This can prevent costly repairs and extend engine life.
   
4. Monitor Electrical Components
   Regularly check the battery, fuses, and wiring. A weak or dead battery can cause starting issues, while damaged wiring can lead to electrical malfunctions.
   
5. Scheduled Inspections
   Set up routine inspections for the transmission, final drive, and other critical components. Early detection of issues can save significant costs and downtime.
   

Conclusion
The Dresser 550 and 555 are durable, high-performance machines designed to handle a variety of demanding tasks in construction, agriculture, and land development. However, like all heavy machinery, regular maintenance and timely repairs are crucial to keeping these machines running smoothly. By staying on top of hydraulic maintenance, engine care, track adjustments, and electrical checks, operators can extend the life of their equipment and avoid common issues that lead to downtime.