How to Buy a Used Excavator: Key Considerations and Tips

[MikePhua]

Introduction
Buying a used excavator can be an excellent investment for those looking to save money while still acquiring a reliable piece of heavy equipment. However, purchasing a used machine requires careful consideration to ensure that the excavator is in good working condition and will meet your operational needs. In this article, we’ll go over the key factors to consider when buying a used excavator, common problems to look for, and tips for making a well-informed decision.
What to Consider When Buying a Used Excavator

1. Machine Hours and Usage History:
   One of the most important factors when buying a used excavator is the number of hours the machine has been used. Typically, a machine with under 5,000 hours is considered to have a good lifespan left. It’s also crucial to understand how the machine was used. A machine used for light landscaping will likely have less wear than one used for demolition or mining.
   
2. Brand and Model:
   Some brands are known for their reliability and durability. CAT, Hitachi, Komatsu, and Volvo are all popular choices in the used excavator market. Each brand has models that are built for different types of work, so consider the specific tasks you'll need the excavator for when choosing the model.
   
3. Maintenance and Service Records:
   Before making a purchase, request the maintenance and service records. A well-maintained machine with regular servicing is more likely to be in good condition and have a longer useful life. Be sure to ask about any previous repairs or issues the machine has had, especially major components like the engine, hydraulics, and undercarriage.
   
4. Visual Inspection:
   A thorough visual inspection can tell you a lot about the machine’s overall condition. Check for signs of damage, rust, leaks, and wear, especially in the hydraulic system and the undercarriage. Inspect the boom, bucket, and tracks for any visible cracks or issues that could require costly repairs.
   
5. Condition of the Tracks:
   The condition of the tracks is crucial because replacing tracks on an excavator can be expensive. Check for wear, tear, and any damage to the track pads. Inspect the sprockets and rollers to ensure they are not worn down or damaged.
   

Common Problems to Look For
When buying a used excavator, several issues can signal that the machine might require costly repairs. Keep an eye out for:

• Hydraulic System Leaks: Hydraulic leaks are common in used machines, and they can lead to costly repairs if not addressed quickly. Inspect the hydraulic hoses, cylinders, and pumps for any signs of leakage.
  
• Engine and Transmission Problems: Listen to the engine when it starts and check for any strange noises, vibrations, or signs of excessive smoke. These could indicate serious engine or transmission issues that may need repairs.
  
• Electrical Issues: Look for faulty wiring or malfunctioning lights, sensors, and other electrical components. Electrical issues may not be immediately noticeable but can cause operational problems over time.
  
• Undercarriage Wear: As mentioned earlier, a worn-out undercarriage can be a sign of a machine that has seen heavy use. Check for signs of excessive wear in the tracks, sprockets, and rollers, as replacing these parts can be costly.
  

Inspecting the Excavator Before Purchase

1. Test the Machine: If possible, try to operate the machine before making a purchase. This will give you a better understanding of how it runs and allow you to check for any operational issues, including slow hydraulics, faulty controls, or strange noises.
   
2. Hire an Expert: If you're not experienced in evaluating the condition of an excavator, consider hiring a mechanic or an equipment expert to inspect the machine for you. They can spot issues that may not be immediately apparent to the untrained eye.
   

Where to Buy a Used Excavator

• Dealerships: Buying from a reputable dealership offers the advantage of warranty options and the possibility of returning the machine if major issues are discovered shortly after purchase.
  
• Online Marketplaces: Websites like eBay, Machinery Trader, and Ritchie Bros. Auctioneers offer a wide variety of used excavators. However, buying online means you’ll need to rely on descriptions and pictures, so ensure you ask for detailed information and request additional photos or videos if necessary.
  
• Private Sellers: Private sellers may offer lower prices, but there’s less assurance of the machine's quality. Be cautious when dealing with individuals, as there may be less recourse if something goes wrong after the purchase.
  

Conclusion
Buying a used excavator can be a cost-effective solution, but it requires careful consideration to ensure you are getting a machine that will serve you well. Always inspect the machine thoroughly, check its maintenance history, and look for signs of wear and potential issues. By following the tips and considering the factors discussed in this article, you can make a well-informed decision and purchase a used excavator that fits your needs and budget.