Track Pull and Squeal: Troubleshooting Common Issues in Track Machines

[MikePhua]

Introduction
Track machines, such as excavators and bulldozers, are essential in heavy construction and mining applications due to their stability and ability to navigate rough terrain. However, one common issue that operators face is the phenomenon of "track pull" and the annoying "squeal" noise that often accompanies it. These problems can lead to reduced performance, increased wear, and operational inefficiency. This article explores the causes of track pull and squeal, their impact on machinery, and how to resolve these issues to maintain optimal performance.
What is Track Pull and Why Does It Occur?

1. Definition of Track Pull
   Track pull refers to the uneven movement of the track or the tendency for one side of the machine to move more quickly than the other. This uneven motion can cause strain on the machine’s drive system and result in poor performance, especially when turning or moving in a straight line.
   
2. Causes of Track Pull
   Track pull is typically caused by issues such as:
   • Uneven track tension: If the tension on one side of the track is tighter than the other, it can cause uneven movement.
     
   • Worn or damaged components: Worn rollers, idlers, or sprockets can affect the way the track moves.
     
   • Hydraulic issues: Problems with the drive motors or hydraulic systems may also contribute to uneven power distribution, resulting in track pull.
     
   • Track misalignment: If the track is not properly aligned on the undercarriage, it may pull to one side.
     

What Causes the Squeal in Track Machines?

1. Definition of Squealing Noise
   A squealing noise in track machines is typically produced when the machine’s tracks are under stress or experiencing friction that exceeds normal operating conditions. This noise can be loud and distracting, often indicating an issue with the machine that requires attention.
   
2. Common Causes of Squeal
   Squealing can be caused by several factors:
   • Worn or Dry Components: When parts like rollers, bearings, or sprockets become worn or lack proper lubrication, they can cause friction that produces a squealing noise.
     
   • Track Tension Issues: If the track is too tight, it can cause excessive friction between the components, leading to squealing sounds.
     
   • Improper Track Alignment: If the track is misaligned or has uneven tension, it can cause parts to rub together in ways that produce noise.
     

How to Address Track Pull

1. Check Track Tension
   The first step in addressing track pull is to check the tension of the tracks. If one side is tighter than the other, adjust the tension to ensure both sides are evenly set. The correct track tension should be within the manufacturer's specifications to avoid uneven movement and undue stress on the undercarriage.
   
2. Inspect Track Components
   Inspect the track rollers, sprockets, and idlers for signs of wear or damage. Worn components can cause misalignment and uneven movement, contributing to track pull. If any parts are found to be damaged or excessively worn, they should be replaced promptly to maintain smooth operation.
   
3. Examine the Hydraulic System
   If the track pull persists despite addressing tension and component wear, there may be an issue with the hydraulic system. Inspect the hydraulic motors and lines for leaks or damage, and ensure that the fluid levels are adequate. Any issues in the hydraulic system should be repaired by a professional to restore balanced power distribution.
   
4. Check for Misalignment
   Finally, ensure that the tracks are properly aligned on the undercarriage. Misalignment can cause the tracks to wear unevenly, leading to track pull. Realigning the tracks can often resolve this issue and restore even movement.
   

How to Address Squealing Noises

1. Lubricate Components
   Regular lubrication is crucial to reducing friction and preventing squealing. Check the rollers, idlers, sprockets, and bearings for signs of dryness, and apply the recommended lubricant to these components. Make sure the lubricant is suitable for your machine’s operating conditions and that it is applied in the correct amounts.
   
2. Adjust Track Tension
   As with track pull, improper track tension can contribute to squealing. If the track is too tight, it may cause excessive friction between moving parts. Adjusting the tension to the manufacturer’s specifications can alleviate squealing and ensure smooth movement.
   
3. Inspect for Worn Parts
   If lubrication and tension adjustments don’t resolve the squealing, check for worn or damaged parts. Worn rollers or bearings are common culprits for excessive friction and squealing sounds. Replace any damaged parts to prevent further wear and restore quiet operation.
   
4. Replace Damaged Track Shoes
   In some cases, the track shoes themselves may be worn or damaged. This can cause irregular contact with the ground, leading to squealing noises. Inspect the track shoes and replace them if necessary to eliminate the noise and ensure optimal machine performance.
   

Preventive Maintenance to Avoid Track Pull and Squealing

1. Regular Track Inspections
   One of the best ways to prevent track pull and squealing is to perform regular inspections of the track system. Check the tension, alignment, and condition of all components regularly to catch issues before they cause significant problems.
   
2. Proper Lubrication
   Ensure that all moving parts are properly lubricated according to the manufacturer's recommendations. This helps reduce friction and prevent the wear that often leads to squealing noises.
   
3. Follow Manufacturer's Guidelines
   Adhere to the manufacturer’s maintenance schedule and specifications for track tension, lubrication, and component replacement. Regular upkeep is essential for maintaining optimal performance and preventing issues like track pull and squealing.
   

Conclusion
Track pull and squealing are common problems in track machines, but they can be managed with proper maintenance and attention. By ensuring that track tension is correct, components are well-lubricated, and any damaged parts are replaced, operators can reduce friction, improve performance, and extend the lifespan of their equipment. Regular inspections and adherence to maintenance guidelines will help avoid these issues, ensuring smoother operation and less downtime.