T190 Lift Arm Hydraulic Cylinder Issues and Solutions

[MikePhua]

The Bobcat T190 is a compact track loader widely used in construction, agriculture, and other heavy-duty applications. The hydraulic system, particularly the lift arm hydraulic cylinders, plays a crucial role in the machine's stability and lifting capacity. A user on the Panswork forum recently discussed some common issues related to the T190's lift arm hydraulic cylinders. This article summarizes these issues and offers solutions to help users resolve similar problems.
Problem Description: Hydraulic Cylinder Malfunctions
Common issues with the T190's lift arm hydraulic cylinders include the lift arm not raising or lowering smoothly, or even not lifting at all. Users have reported problems such as oil leaks, jerky lift arm movement, or a lack of lifting force. Diagnosing these problems requires a thorough inspection of the hydraulic system to identify the root cause.
Common Problems and Causes

1. Hydraulic Cylinder Oil Leaks
   

Oil leaks are one of the most common issues with hydraulic cylinders. This issue typically manifests as hydraulic fluid leaking out of the cylinder, which can reduce the cylinder's efficiency and may prevent it from functioning properly. Leaks are often caused by worn or damaged seals, or improper installation.

• Inspect Seals: Regularly inspect the seals on the hydraulic cylinder to ensure they are not damaged or aged. If seals are damaged, replace them promptly.
  
• Check Cylinder Surface: Look for scratches or wear on the hydraulic cylinder's surface. These damages can prevent proper sealing, leading to oil leaks.
  

1. Lift Arm Movement Is Jerky or Uneven
   

If the T190's lift arm moves jerkily or unevenly during operation, it may be caused by insufficient hydraulic fluid flow, a malfunctioning hydraulic pump, or internal system blockages.

• Check Hydraulic Fluid: Ensure that the hydraulic fluid levels are adequate, and check the fluid quality. Dirty hydraulic fluid can block the hydraulic system and impact the lift arm's movement.
  
• Inspect the Hydraulic Pump: If the hydraulic pump isn't providing enough fluid flow, the lift arm will not operate smoothly. Diagnostic tools can be used to check the pump's output; if necessary, replace the pump.
  

1. Low Hydraulic Pressure
   

Low hydraulic pressure directly affects the performance of hydraulic cylinders and can prevent the lift arm from operating properly or smoothly. Pressure issues can arise from a malfunctioning hydraulic pump, a clogged filter, or leaks in the system's hoses.

• Check the Hydraulic Pump and Pressure Valves: Verify that the hydraulic pump is generating the correct pressure and ensure that pressure valves are functioning properly.
  
• Inspect the Hydraulic Filter: If the hydraulic filter is clogged, it can restrict fluid flow and reduce system pressure. Clean or replace the filter regularly.
  

1. Air in the Hydraulic System
   

Air trapped in the hydraulic system can cause uneven movement of the lift arm, and in severe cases, may damage the hydraulic cylinders. Air typically enters the system due to poor hydraulic fluid quality, faulty seals, or improper fluid replenishment.

• Bleed the System: Ensure that air has been fully expelled from the hydraulic system. This can be done using manual bleed valves or an automatic air-bleeding system.
  
• Check the Hydraulic Tank: Inspect the hydraulic fluid for contamination. Ensure that the fluid is clean and free from water or contaminants.
  

Solutions and Maintenance Tips

1. Regular Hydraulic System Inspections
   

To keep the T190's lift arm hydraulic cylinders in good working condition, regular inspections of the hydraulic system are essential. Check the quality of the hydraulic fluid, the operation of the hydraulic pump, and the condition of the cylinder seals. Identifying potential problems early can help avoid costly repairs.

1. Replace Seals and Hydraulic Fluid
   

If hydraulic oil leaks are detected, replacing the seals and replenishing the hydraulic fluid is the most effective solution. Worn or damaged seals can lead to leaks, affecting the system's performance.

1. Keep the Hydraulic System Clean
   

Maintaining a clean hydraulic system is crucial for its proper functioning. Regularly change the hydraulic fluid and clean the filters to prevent blockages and contamination, ensuring smooth fluid flow and stable system pressure.

1. Monitor Hydraulic Fluid Levels and Quality
   

Proper hydraulic fluid levels are essential for the system to function optimally. Ensure that you use the correct type of fluid, and avoid contamination during the refilling process. Additionally, regularly check the hydraulic tank for proper fluid levels.
Conclusion
Common issues with the T190's lift arm hydraulic cylinders include oil leaks, low pressure, air in the system, and uneven lift arm movement. These problems can be caused by worn seals, blockages, pump failures, or contamination in the hydraulic fluid. Regular maintenance, such as inspecting seals, checking fluid quality, and ensuring proper system pressure, can prevent these issues and extend the lifespan of the hydraulic system. If problems persist, it is advisable to consult a professional technician for further diagnosis and repairs.