Snow Plowing Equipment and Best Practices

[MikePhua]

Snow plowing is a vital service in many regions, particularly in areas prone to heavy winter weather. Properly managing snow removal can ensure safe roads and accessible properties throughout the winter months. Whether you're an individual homeowner with a small driveway or a contractor managing a fleet of equipment, snow plowing requires the right tools, techniques, and maintenance to be effective. This article provides an in-depth guide to snow plowing equipment, best practices, and tips for success.
Types of Snow Plowing Equipment
Snow plowing requires specialized equipment designed to handle harsh winter conditions. There are several different types of machinery used in snow removal, depending on the size of the area to be cleared and the level of service required.

1. Snow Plows
   The most common piece of equipment for snow removal is the snow plow. These are mounted on various vehicles, including trucks and tractors, to clear snow from roads, driveways, and parking lots. There are several types of snow plows:
   • Straight Plows: Ideal for clearing narrow paths or driveways. They push snow to one side and are typically used in areas with moderate snowfall.
     
   • V-Plows: These plows have a "V" shape and can be adjusted to push snow to both sides, making them perfect for heavier snowfalls and wider roads.
     
   • Wing Plows: Equipped with extendable wings, these plows are designed to clear wider paths and are often used on highways or larger roadways.
     
2. Snow Blowers
   Snow blowers are often used in areas with large amounts of snow where plows alone might not suffice. These machines work by sucking up the snow and then throwing it to the side. Snow blowers are highly effective for clearing driveways, sidewalks, and small parking lots, especially in urban areas with limited space for snow piles.
   
3. Loader and Skid Steers with Plow Attachments
   For larger commercial operations or areas with heavy, compacted snow, skid steers and front-end loaders with plow attachments are used. These machines have the advantage of maneuverability and power, making them effective for both snow plowing and snow removal in larger areas.
   
4. Salt Spreaders
   While plowing removes the bulk of the snow, salt spreaders are often used in conjunction to prevent ice from forming and improve traction on roadways. Salt spreaders come in various sizes, from small, handheld models for residential use to large, truck-mounted spreaders for commercial operations.
   

Snow Plowing Best Practices
Proper snow plowing requires more than just the right equipment. The technique and timing of snow removal are just as important to ensure efficiency and safety. Below are some best practices for snow plowing:

1. Start Early and Regularly
   Timing is crucial when it comes to snow plowing. It’s best to begin plowing as soon as the snow starts to accumulate, especially if the forecast predicts heavy snowfall. Waiting too long to plow can lead to more compacted snow that is harder to remove. For residential driveways, it’s essential to clear snow before it gets packed down by vehicle traffic, which can make it more challenging to remove.
   
2. Plow in Layers
   When snow is deep, it’s best to plow in layers. Start by removing the top layer of snow, then gradually remove the next layers in subsequent passes. This prevents the snow from becoming too compacted, which would require more time and effort to clear.
   
3. Use the Correct Speed
   Snow plowing should be done at a moderate speed. Moving too fast can result in inefficient plowing, as the snow may not be fully cleared from the surface. Conversely, moving too slowly can cause the snow to build up in front of the plow, creating more work.
   
4. Ensure Proper Plow Blade Angles
   The angle at which the plow blade is set plays a significant role in the efficiency of snow removal. For a straight plow, the blade should be angled between 30-45 degrees to push the snow off to one side. For a V-plow, the angle should be adjusted depending on the depth and density of the snow.
   
5. Clear the Edges and Corners
   Don’t forget to clear the edges and corners of the plowed area. These areas are often overlooked but can become obstacles if left uncleared, especially for vehicles and pedestrians.
   

Common Challenges in Snow Plowing
While snow plowing is a necessary and routine task in many colder climates, it comes with its own set of challenges. Understanding these issues can help you prepare for and mitigate their effects.

1. Ice Buildup
   Ice buildup is a common problem during snow plowing, especially if the snow is left on the ground too long. A thin layer of ice can form under the snow, making it more difficult to plow. To prevent ice buildup, salt or other de-icing agents should be applied as soon as possible after plowing.
   
2. Snow Accumulation on the Plow
   In some cases, snow can accumulate on the plow blade, especially when the snow is wet or heavy. This can reduce the plow’s effectiveness and cause it to lose traction. Regularly cleaning the plow blade during plowing sessions helps keep it working at full capacity.
   
3. Equipment Wear and Tear
   Snow plowing is hard on equipment, particularly when it involves frequent starts and stops, or when working in icy, abrasive conditions. To extend the life of the equipment, regular maintenance is essential. This includes checking hydraulic systems, ensuring the plow blades are sharp, and replacing worn-out parts promptly.
   
4. Weather Conditions
   Extreme cold temperatures, freezing rain, and wet snow can make snow plowing more difficult. Under these conditions, it’s essential to adjust your approach by using more salt or switching to equipment that’s better suited for heavy snow or slush.
   

Maintenance Tips for Snow Plowing Equipment
Proper maintenance ensures that your snow plowing equipment runs smoothly throughout the winter season. Here are some tips to keep your machines in top shape:

1. Check Fluid Levels
   Cold temperatures can cause fluids to thicken and impair the operation of equipment. Ensure that engine oil, hydraulic fluid, and antifreeze are at the correct levels and are of the appropriate type for winter conditions.
   
2. Inspect the Plow Blade
   Inspect the plow blade for wear and damage before each use. A dull or damaged blade can reduce plowing efficiency and even cause damage to the surface being cleared.
   
3. Lubricate Moving Parts
   Snow plows have many moving parts that require regular lubrication to avoid friction and wear. Regularly grease pivot points, hydraulic cylinders, and other parts that move during operation.
   
4. Test Electrical Components
   Electrical systems, including lights and salt spreader controls, should be tested before each use to ensure they are in working order. Cold weather can sometimes cause electrical issues, so it’s essential to address any problems before hitting the road.
   

Conclusion
Snow plowing is a critical service that ensures safety during winter months, especially in regions that experience heavy snowfall. Having the right equipment, employing best practices, and maintaining your gear properly can make the difference between an efficient, smooth winter season and a frustrating one. Whether you're working with a single plow on a small driveway or managing a fleet of snow removal machines for a city, understanding the fundamentals of snow plowing will help you get the job done effectively. Proper planning, timely action, and ongoing maintenance are key to handling whatever winter throws your way.