Mobile Crane Tags and Title: What You Need to Know

[MikePhua]

Mobile cranes are a critical piece of machinery in various industries, such as construction, shipping, and heavy lifting. They offer unmatched versatility, allowing operators to transport heavy loads across job sites. However, when it comes to owning, operating, or transporting mobile cranes, there are important legal and regulatory considerations. One of the primary concerns for owners and operators is understanding the rules around mobile crane tags and titles, which vary depending on location, use, and other factors. In this article, we will delve into the details of crane tags, titles, and the regulations surrounding them, helping you navigate these requirements effectively.
Understanding Mobile Crane Titles and Tags
In the United States, mobile cranes are typically classified as either "motor vehicles" or "specialized equipment." The classification impacts how the crane is titled and tagged, which determines the legalities of its operation on public roads.

1. Title: A title is a legal document that proves ownership of a vehicle or piece of equipment. For cranes, this title serves as proof of ownership and is issued by a state’s Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) or equivalent agency. When purchasing a mobile crane, buyers should ensure that the seller provides a valid title, which must be transferred during the sale.
   
2. Tag/License Plate: A license tag or plate is the official registration number for the crane, and it is required for operation on public roads. This tag allows law enforcement to identify the equipment and verify that it meets all legal requirements for road use, such as insurance, safety standards, and taxes. In some states, cranes are issued a specific "commercial vehicle" tag, while in others, the process may differ slightly.
   

Mobile Crane Regulations and Legal Requirements
The legal requirements for crane registration, including tags and titles, vary widely across different jurisdictions, so it's crucial for crane operators and owners to familiarize themselves with local regulations. Below are the most common considerations:
State and Local Regulations
Each state has its own set of rules and regulations regarding mobile cranes. For example, in states like California, cranes that operate on public roads require not only a title and license plate but also a Commercial Driver's License (CDL) for the operator. Some states may exempt mobile cranes from certain road registration requirements if the crane is used solely within a construction zone or is regularly transported by a lowboy trailer.
For owners who frequently transport cranes across state lines, it's vital to ensure that the crane meets the rules in all states it operates in. This might involve registering the crane in multiple states or acquiring special permits for transport.
Temporary and Overweight Permits
In some cases, mobile cranes may require additional permits for operation on public roads. For example, if the crane exceeds certain weight limits or dimensions, it may need an "oversize" or "overweight" permit. These permits are typically issued by the state’s transportation department and ensure that the crane is allowed to travel on public highways without violating road weight restrictions.
When transporting a crane on highways, it is important to follow the specific guidelines outlined in these permits, including travel routes, times, and the required escort vehicles (if any). Failure to obtain the correct permits can result in fines or delays.
Federal vs. State Jurisdiction
While states regulate cranes used on local roads, the federal government may also have jurisdiction in certain cases. The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) oversees many aspects of commercial vehicle operation in the U.S., including safety regulations, weight limits, and hours of service for drivers. Cranes that operate across state lines or are used in interstate commerce may fall under these federal regulations, requiring owners to follow additional standards.
It's also important to note that the FMCSA mandates specific safety equipment for commercial vehicles, which could include cranes. Items like reflective tape, warning lights, and safety flags may be required for cranes used on public roads.
The Importance of Crane Maintenance for Compliance
To maintain a valid title and registration for a mobile crane, it's essential that the equipment is properly maintained and in working condition. Regular inspections of the crane, including hydraulic systems, lifting mechanisms, and safety devices, can help ensure that the crane meets all safety standards. Additionally, keeping detailed maintenance logs can help provide proof of compliance in case of an audit or legal inspection.
Cranes operating on public roads must adhere to specific safety standards to prevent accidents or malfunctions. Maintenance programs for mobile cranes should include:

• Routine inspections: Ensuring that the crane is in good working order, including checking all mechanical and hydraulic components.
  
• Certification: Many jurisdictions require periodic certification to verify that cranes meet safety and operational standards.
  
• Compliance with load limits: Overloading a crane can not only damage the equipment but also violate legal weight regulations, leading to fines and penalties.
  

Transferring Titles and Tags
When purchasing a used mobile crane, the process for transferring titles and tags can vary slightly based on state laws. In general, the buyer and seller will need to complete a title transfer form with the DMV, provide proof of insurance, and pay any applicable fees. The seller should also provide a Bill of Sale, which can serve as proof of the transaction.
It's important to keep in mind that the mobile crane must pass all necessary safety inspections before it can be legally titled or tagged in the new owner’s name. If a crane has been previously used in other states, additional paperwork might be required to transfer the registration and ensure it is legally compliant in the new jurisdiction.
Challenges and Common Pitfalls
Crane owners and operators often face challenges in obtaining and maintaining valid tags and titles. One common issue is the misunderstanding of whether the crane is considered a "motor vehicle" or specialized equipment, as this classification affects registration requirements. Another challenge is dealing with oversized or overweight permits, particularly if the crane needs to travel through areas with strict weight restrictions.
Additionally, improper record-keeping and failing to comply with maintenance regulations can result in fines, delays, or even a revoked license for operating the crane on public roads. Operators should be aware of all local and state laws to avoid these issues and keep their operations running smoothly.
Conclusion
In summary, understanding the tags, titles, and legal requirements for mobile cranes is essential for owners and operators who wish to ensure compliance with local and federal regulations. By staying informed about the classification of their equipment, obtaining the correct permits, and maintaining the crane properly, they can minimize legal risks and maximize the crane’s lifespan.
While the process of obtaining titles and tags can seem complex, it is an integral part of running a safe and legal crane operation. With the proper paperwork, maintenance, and permits in place, operators can keep their mobile cranes on the road and their operations running without legal complications. The key is staying proactive and informed, ensuring all equipment complies with the latest laws and standards.