Proper Engine Storage: Best Practices and Tips

[MikePhua]

Introduction to Engine Storage
Storing engines properly is a critical aspect of maintaining their longevity and ensuring their reliable performance when they are eventually brought back into service. Whether it's an engine removed from a piece of heavy equipment for a seasonal break, a spare engine kept in storage, or an engine being preserved for a long-term storage period, following the correct procedures can prevent damage, deterioration, and costly repairs down the road.
This article explores the best practices for storing engines, from preparation to preservation, along with tips and recommendations that will extend the lifespan of your engine during idle periods.
Why Proper Engine Storage is Important
Improper engine storage can result in various problems, including corrosion, fuel contamination, rubber seal degradation, and even internal damage due to lack of lubrication or moisture buildup. Just like any machine, engines require attention and care during long-term storage to ensure they remain in good working condition.

• Corrosion: Metals in the engine, such as the crankshaft, pistons, and cylinder walls, are susceptible to rust if exposed to moisture during storage.
  
• Fuel Degradation: If fuel is left in the engine or fuel tank for too long, it can degrade, causing blockages or damage to fuel lines and injectors.
  
• Seal Damage: Rubber seals and gaskets can dry out, crack, and become brittle if exposed to air for extended periods without use.
  
• Lubrication Issues: When an engine is not in use, the oil can settle or break down, leading to inadequate lubrication when the engine is started again.
  

Step-by-Step Engine Storage Guide
Here are the steps for properly storing an engine:
1. Clean the Engine Thoroughly
Before storing an engine, it’s essential to clean it thoroughly to remove dirt, debris, and other contaminants that could cause corrosion or damage.

• Wash the engine: Use a degreaser and pressure washer to clean the engine. Pay particular attention to areas around the intake and exhaust to prevent dirt buildup that could lead to blockages.
  
• Dry the engine: After cleaning, make sure the engine is completely dry. Any remaining moisture can promote rusting during storage.
  

2. Drain Fluids
Once the engine is clean and dry, it’s time to drain all fluids from the engine.

• Drain the fuel: If possible, drain the fuel tank and fuel lines to avoid the fuel degrading. For engines with a fuel filter, change the filter before storage.
  
• Drain the oil: Drain the engine oil from both the engine and the oil filter. Old oil contains contaminants that can damage the engine over time.
  
• Drain the coolant: If the engine has a coolant system, drain the coolant to prevent it from freezing during the winter months. In areas with cold climates, consider using antifreeze in the system.
  
• Other fluids: Don’t forget to drain other fluids such as transmission fluid, hydraulic fluid, and power steering fluid if applicable.
  

3. Remove the Battery
Batteries are one of the most common components to fail during long-term storage. Over time, a battery will lose its charge and may become damaged if left in place.

• Disconnect and remove the battery: Remove the battery from the engine and store it in a cool, dry place. Ensure the battery terminals are cleaned and coated with a protective layer, such as petroleum jelly, to prevent corrosion.
  
• Charge the battery: If storing the battery for an extended period, charge it periodically to maintain its health.
  

4. Protect the Engine Internals
To prevent internal corrosion and damage, it’s essential to properly lubricate and seal the engine.

• Lubricate the internal components: Pour a small amount of oil into the cylinders to prevent rust from forming on the cylinder walls. Rotate the crankshaft by hand to distribute the oil evenly across the surfaces.
  
• Protect the air intake and exhaust: Cover the air intake and exhaust ports with plastic or rubber caps to prevent debris, moisture, and insects from entering. A piece of duct tape can also work in a pinch, but it’s best to use covers specifically designed for engine storage.
  
• Spray rust inhibitor: Use a rust inhibitor or protective oil coating on exposed metal parts like the crankshaft, valve springs, and other parts that may be susceptible to corrosion.
  

5. Seal the Engine

• Seal the engine openings: To prevent dust, moisture, and contaminants from entering the engine, seal the intake and exhaust ports tightly with plastic or rubber caps. This will also help protect the internal components from environmental elements during storage.
  
• Check for leaks: Inspect the engine for any leaks or potential areas where moisture might enter. Tighten any loose bolts or screws and replace any damaged seals.
  

6. Store the Engine in the Right Environment
The environment in which the engine is stored plays a significant role in its preservation.

• Temperature: Store the engine in a dry, temperature-controlled environment. Extreme temperatures—either too hot or too cold—can cause the engine’s internal parts to expand or contract, leading to damage.
  
• Ventilation: Ensure proper ventilation in the storage area to prevent the buildup of moisture. Avoid storing engines in damp, humid conditions.
  
• Cover the engine: Consider placing a cover or tarp over the engine to further protect it from dust and debris.
  

7. Periodic Maintenance During Storage
Engines in long-term storage should be periodically inspected to ensure they remain in good condition. Performing regular checks can prevent major issues when it comes time to use the engine again.

• Inspect the engine regularly: Once a month, check the engine for any signs of rust, leaks, or degradation. Reapply lubrication and rust inhibitors if necessary.
  
• Turn the engine over: If the engine is stored for long periods, occasionally turn the crankshaft to ensure that all moving parts remain lubricated and free from corrosion.
  
• Charge the battery: If you left the battery in storage, charge it periodically to keep it in good working condition.
  

8. Reinstall and Prepare for Use
When it’s time to use the engine again, follow these steps to prepare it for service:

• Replace all fluids: Refill the engine with fresh fuel, oil, coolant, and any other necessary fluids. Make sure to replace the fuel filter as well.
  
• Install the battery: Reinstall the battery and ensure the connections are clean and secure.
  
• Check for leaks: Inspect the engine thoroughly for any fuel or oil leaks before starting it.
  
• Start the engine: Crank the engine slowly to allow the oil to circulate before turning it on fully. Listen for any unusual noises and check that the engine runs smoothly.
  

Conclusion
Storing an engine correctly is an essential part of maintenance that can help extend the life of the engine and keep it in working order when it is needed. By following the steps outlined in this guide, you can ensure that your engine remains free from corrosion, fuel degradation, and internal damage during storage.
Whether you're storing an engine for the offseason, long-term backup, or simply between projects, taking the time to properly prepare, lubricate, and protect the engine will save you from costly repairs and downtime when it’s time to put the engine back into service. Proper storage is an investment in the longevity and reliability of your equipment, so always take the necessary steps to care for your engines when they’re not in use.