Troubleshooting NH L218 Skid Steer Malfunction and Stop Light on Cold Start

[MikePhua]

Skid steers, like the New Holland L218, are essential machines in construction and agricultural sectors, offering exceptional maneuverability and power in confined spaces. However, as with any piece of heavy equipment, they can experience malfunctions that interrupt work. One common issue reported by owners of the NH L218 skid steer is the malfunctioning of the system during cold starts, often accompanied by the appearance of the "stop" light on the dashboard.
This article delves into potential causes of the L218’s cold start issues and how to resolve them. By understanding the root causes and following the troubleshooting steps, you can ensure your skid steer runs smoothly and reliably throughout its operational life.
Understanding the NH L218 Skid Steer
The New Holland L218 is a compact, high-performance skid steer loader designed for both light and heavy-duty tasks. It’s equipped with:

• Rated operating capacity of 1,850 lbs, which makes it suitable for a wide range of tasks from landscaping to material handling.
  
• Hydraulic lift for easy attachment changes and maximum productivity on the job.
  
• Powerful engine capable of producing 64 horsepower, providing ample power for digging, lifting, and other demanding tasks.
  

However, like many heavy equipment machines, it relies heavily on its electrical and hydraulic systems to perform optimally. Issues during cold starts typically arise when these systems are not working as expected.
The Cold Start Issue and the Stop Light
Cold start problems are a known issue in many diesel engines, including the one used in the New Holland L218. A cold start is when the engine is started after being idle for a long period, such as overnight. During a cold start, the oil is thicker, fuel may not combust as efficiently, and battery power can be at its lowest. In this scenario, when the L218's "stop" light illuminates immediately after starting, it indicates a malfunction within the machine’s systems, which can be caused by several factors.
Common Causes of Cold Start Malfunction

1. Weak or Dead Battery
   The battery in the NH L218 powers the starting system. If the battery is weak or dead, it may not provide enough power to start the engine correctly, leading to the stop light turning on. In cold weather, the battery's performance can be further compromised due to lower temperatures.
   Troubleshooting Tip: Check the battery charge and voltage. If the battery voltage is low (less than 12.4V for a 12V system), it could be time for a replacement. Ensure that the battery terminals are clean, secure, and free of corrosion.
   
2. Faulty Glow Plugs
   Diesel engines like the one in the L218 use glow plugs to warm up the combustion chamber, making it easier for the engine to start in cold weather. If one or more glow plugs are faulty, it can lead to poor starting performance and cause the "stop" light to illuminate.
   Troubleshooting Tip: Inspect the glow plugs for continuity using a multimeter. If any of the glow plugs are not functioning, replace them. Be sure to use high-quality parts to maintain the engine’s performance.
   
3. Fuel System Blockages or Contaminants
   Diesel fuel is prone to contamination and can gel in cold temperatures, particularly if the fuel is of low quality or if moisture has entered the fuel system. Clogged fuel filters, water in the fuel, or gelling can all cause the engine to stall, especially during a cold start.
   Troubleshooting Tip: Check the fuel filter for clogs or damage. If necessary, replace the filter and drain any water from the fuel system. In colder climates, consider using anti-gel additives to prevent fuel from freezing or gelling.
   
4. Hydraulic Pressure Issues
   Low hydraulic pressure can occur due to cold temperatures thickening the hydraulic fluid. If the hydraulic system is sluggish or fails to respond, the "stop" light may appear, signaling an issue with the fluid pressure. If hydraulic pressure is insufficient, it can prevent the skid steer from operating as designed.
   Troubleshooting Tip: Ensure that the hydraulic fluid is at the proper level and that it’s the correct type for the temperature. If hydraulic fluid has thickened due to the cold, you might need to replace it with a more suitable, lower-viscosity fluid for colder conditions.
   
5. Engine Control Module (ECM) Error Codes
   Modern skid steers, including the NH L218, are equipped with an Engine Control Module (ECM) that monitors various engine parameters. If the ECM detects an issue with one of the engine’s components (such as the fuel system or cooling system), it may trigger the "stop" light. This can happen during cold starts when the ECM detects abnormalities that prevent normal engine operation.
   Troubleshooting Tip: Use a diagnostic tool to check for error codes in the ECM. Addressing the error codes will often resolve issues related to sensors, wiring, or components within the engine’s management system.
   
6. Faulty Starter Motor or Solenoid
   If the starter motor or solenoid is malfunctioning, the engine may fail to start properly, especially in cold conditions. This could cause the "stop" light to illuminate as the engine struggles to crank and start.
   Troubleshooting Tip: Listen for a clicking sound when attempting to start the engine. If you hear a click but the engine doesn’t turn over, the starter motor or solenoid may need to be replaced. Ensure the electrical connections are tight and corrosion-free.
   

Step-by-Step Troubleshooting Guide
If you're experiencing issues with your New Holland L218 skid steer during cold starts, follow these steps to troubleshoot:

1. Inspect the Battery: Check the charge and voltage of the battery. If the voltage is low or the battery is over 3-4 years old, replace it.
   
2. Test the Glow Plugs: Using a multimeter, check the continuity of each glow plug. If any are faulty, replace them.
   
3. Examine the Fuel System: Check the fuel filter for clogging, and inspect the fuel for contamination. If the fuel appears dirty or has water in it, drain and replace the filter.
   
4. Check Hydraulic Fluid: Ensure the hydraulic fluid is at the correct level and is the appropriate type for cold weather conditions. If the fluid appears thick or sludgy, replace it with a more suitable fluid.
   
5. Diagnostic Scan: Use a diagnostic tool to check for error codes in the ECM. Resolve any issues indicated by the scan, which may involve fixing sensors or addressing wiring issues.
   
6. Inspect the Starter Motor: If the starter motor is not turning the engine over, test the solenoid and starter motor. If either component is malfunctioning, replace it.
   

Preventative Maintenance to Avoid Cold Start Problems
To prevent future cold start issues with your NH L218 skid steer, consider the following maintenance tips:

• Keep the Battery in Good Condition: Regularly check and clean battery terminals, and replace the battery every 3-4 years, especially if you operate in cold weather.
  
• Use Quality Diesel Fuel: Always use high-quality fuel, especially in winter. Consider using additives to prevent fuel gelling.
  
• Change the Fuel and Air Filters Regularly: Replace filters according to the manufacturer's recommended schedule to ensure smooth fuel flow and optimal engine performance.
  
• Monitor Hydraulic Fluid and Temperature: Regularly check the hydraulic system and fluid levels, particularly when operating in colder temperatures.
  

Conclusion: Keeping Your NH L218 Skid Steer Running Smoothly
Dealing with cold start issues and the "stop" light on your New Holland L218 skid steer can be frustrating, but with the right approach, most of these problems can be quickly diagnosed and fixed. Regular maintenance, proper fuel care, and timely inspections of electrical and hydraulic systems can prevent most issues before they become major problems. By following the steps outlined in this article, you can ensure that your L218 continues to perform optimally, even in harsh conditions, and help your equipment run smoothly throughout the winter season and beyond.