Excavator Control Patterns

[MikePhua]

Excavators are essential machines in construction, demolition, and mining, offering versatility through their hydraulic systems. The operation of these machines is governed by control patterns that dictate how the operator manipulates the joysticks to perform various functions. Understanding these patterns is crucial for efficient and safe operation.
ISO Control Pattern
The ISO control pattern is widely recognized and standardized by ISO 10968 and SAE J1177. In this configuration:

• Left Joystick:
  • Forward: Stick (dipper) extends.
    
  • Backward: Stick retracts.
    
  • Left: Swing left.
    
  • Right: Swing right.
    
• Right Joystick:
  • Forward: Boom lowers.
    
  • Backward: Boom raises.
    
  • Left: Bucket curls in (closes).
    
  • Right: Bucket curls out (dumps).
    

This pattern is often referred to as "excavator controls" and is prevalent in many modern machines.
SAE Control Pattern
The SAE control pattern, standardized by SAE J1814, is commonly used in the United States. In this setup:

• Left Joystick:
  • Forward: Boom lowers.
    
  • Backward: Boom raises.
    
  • Left: Swing left.
    
  • Right: Swing right.
    
• Right Joystick:
  • Forward: Stick extends.
    
  • Backward: Stick retracts.
    
  • Left: Bucket curls in (closes).
    
  • Right: Bucket curls out (dumps).
    

This pattern is sometimes called "backhoe controls" and is favored by operators accustomed to backhoe loaders.
Switching Between Patterns
Many modern excavators are equipped with a control pattern changer, allowing operators to switch between ISO and SAE patterns to suit their preferences. This feature enhances versatility, especially on job sites where multiple operators with different preferences are involved. However, older models may require manual adjustments, such as swapping hydraulic hoses, to change the control pattern.
Importance of Familiarity
Being proficient with both control patterns is advantageous for operators. It allows for flexibility when operating different machines and can improve efficiency on diverse job sites. Training and practice are essential for mastering these control patterns and ensuring safe and effective machine operation.
Conclusion
Understanding and mastering excavator control patterns, whether ISO or SAE, is fundamental for operators. Familiarity with these patterns enhances operational efficiency, safety, and adaptability across various machines and job sites. Operators should invest time in training and practice to become proficient in both control patterns, ensuring optimal performance and safety in their work.