Converting the 1969 Ford 4500 4-Stick Wain-Roy Backhoe to a 2-Stick Configuration

[MikePhua]

The Ford 4500 series backhoe, a classic machine in the world of construction and earthmoving, was widely recognized for its versatility and durability when it was introduced in the 1960s. The 1969 Ford 4500 model, in particular, became a favorite for many operators due to its ability to handle a variety of tasks. However, one of the defining characteristics of the Ford 4500 was its 4-stick control system, which some operators found less intuitive and cumbersome, particularly in tighter working environments. As technology evolved, so did operator preferences, with a shift towards the more streamlined and efficient 2-stick control systems.
In this article, we explore the conversion of a 1969 Ford 4500 backhoe from a 4-stick control system to a 2-stick configuration, focusing on the steps, benefits, and challenges involved in such a modification.
Overview of the Ford 4500 Backhoe
The Ford 4500 was a major player in the backhoe loader market when it debuted in the late 1960s. Known for its robustness, power, and dependability, this machine featured a 4-stick hydraulic control system that allowed operators to manage the boom, dipper, bucket, and loader functions. The machine was equipped with a powerful gas or diesel engine, capable of handling heavy workloads and operating in rugged terrains. Its rear backhoe bucket and extendable boom were perfect for digging, trenching, and other earthmoving tasks.
The 4-stick control system used on the Ford 4500, while functional, required the operator to manage multiple levers for different movements. For some operators, especially in precision tasks, this configuration could feel cumbersome. As a result, many operators preferred a 2-stick system, which streamlined control of the machine, improving both speed and precision.
The Advantages of Converting to a 2-Stick System
The conversion from a 4-stick to a 2-stick system on the Ford 4500 offers several advantages:

1. Improved Operator Efficiency: A 2-stick system condenses the control levers, allowing the operator to control multiple functions with fewer movements. This can significantly reduce fatigue during long hours of operation and make it easier to manage the backhoe, especially in confined spaces.
   
2. Increased Precision: With fewer sticks to manage, operators can maintain better control over each movement. A 2-stick setup is generally more intuitive, making it easier to operate the machine with greater accuracy, especially for tasks such as trenching and grading.
   
3. Faster Learning Curve: For new operators or those accustomed to modern backhoes, a 2-stick system is easier to learn and operate. The controls are often more intuitive than the older 4-stick system, which can take more time to master.
   
4. Enhanced Ergonomics: Operating a 2-stick system reduces the physical effort required to control the machine. Instead of constantly switching between multiple levers, the operator can use two sticks to control all the functions. This makes it more comfortable, especially for operators who need to spend long hours in the seat.
   

Challenges in Converting to a 2-Stick System
While the conversion to a 2-stick system offers several benefits, it is not without its challenges. Converting a Ford 4500 from a 4-stick to a 2-stick control system requires careful planning, mechanical expertise, and the right parts. Here are some common challenges associated with the conversion process:

1. Hydraulic System Modifications: One of the main hurdles in converting to a 2-stick system is adapting the hydraulic system. The 4-stick system uses separate hydraulic lines and valves for each function, and these must be reconfigured to accommodate the 2-stick setup. This may require the installation of new valves, hydraulic hoses, and fittings to ensure proper fluid flow and control.
   
2. Control Linkage: The linkage that connects the operator’s controls to the hydraulic valves must be altered or replaced to suit the new 2-stick configuration. This can involve removing the original control levers and installing a new set of control cables or electronic actuators, depending on the chosen system.
   
3. Space Constraints: Depending on the model and condition of the machine, there may be limited space to install the necessary components for a 2-stick system. Custom brackets, housings, or modifications to the cab may be required to ensure everything fits properly.
   
4. Parts Availability: Finding the right parts for an older machine like the 1969 Ford 4500 can sometimes be a challenge. The parts required for the conversion may not always be readily available, particularly if you are trying to find original equipment manufacturer (OEM) parts. You may need to source replacement parts or work with a specialist who can fabricate custom solutions.
   
5. Cost: Converting a 4-stick system to a 2-stick configuration can be costly, particularly if you need to hire professionals to handle the modifications. The cost of parts, labor, and any unforeseen issues that arise during the conversion process can add up quickly. It’s important to weigh the potential benefits of improved efficiency against the investment required.
   

Steps to Convert the Ford 4500 from 4-Stick to 2-Stick
If you’re considering converting your 1969 Ford 4500 backhoe to a 2-stick system, here’s a general overview of the process:

1. Assess the Hydraulic System: Begin by inspecting the hydraulic system. Determine if the existing hydraulic lines, valves, and pumps can be reconfigured or if they need to be replaced entirely. You will need to identify which valves control each of the four movements (boom, dipper, bucket, and loader) and how they will be combined into a two-stick system.
   
2. Select the 2-Stick Control Kit: Many companies offer aftermarket 2-stick control kits designed for backhoes. These kits typically include the necessary hydraulic valves, control linkages, and components needed for the conversion. Make sure to choose a kit that is compatible with the Ford 4500’s specifications and hydraulic system.
   
3. Install the New Controls: Remove the original 4-stick controls and install the new 2-stick controls. This may involve modifying the cab and control console to accommodate the new sticks. Be sure to properly route the control cables or hydraulic lines to connect the new controls to the appropriate hydraulic valves.
   
4. Test the System: Once the new control system is installed, it’s important to thoroughly test the machine to ensure that all functions are working properly. Check for any hydraulic leaks, control issues, or improper movements that could indicate a problem with the installation.
   
5. Fine-Tune and Adjust: After testing the system, make any necessary adjustments to the control linkages or hydraulic system to ensure smooth and precise operation. It may take some fine-tuning to achieve the level of performance you desire.
   

Conclusion
Converting a 1969 Ford 4500 backhoe from a 4-stick to a 2-stick system can dramatically improve its ease of operation, precision, and efficiency. While the conversion requires a solid understanding of hydraulics and mechanical systems, the benefits of a 2-stick control system are significant, especially for operators working long hours or performing precision tasks. If you’re up for the challenge, the conversion process can be a rewarding project that transforms your Ford 4500 into a more modern and user-friendly machine.
Ultimately, the decision to convert depends on your specific needs and how frequently you plan to use the machine. While the cost and time investment are important factors to consider, the long-term benefits of improved ergonomics, efficiency, and operator satisfaction make the 2-stick conversion an attractive option for many owners of vintage Ford backhoes.