Using the Caterpillar 955L Loader for Tri-Axle Loading

[MikePhua]

Introduction
The Caterpillar 955L track loader, known for its versatility and durability, is a popular choice in construction and material handling operations. With a strong reputation in heavy-duty tasks such as loading, digging, and pushing, the 955L has proven itself to be reliable. One of its key applications involves loading tri-axle trailers—used for transporting heavy loads. This article will explore the specifics of using a 955L loader for loading tri-axles, including the challenges, considerations, and best practices.
Overview of the Caterpillar 955L Loader
The 955L, produced by Caterpillar in the late 1970s and 1980s, is part of the well-regarded Cat track loader series. It is renowned for its rugged performance in tough environments and its ability to handle large payloads despite its compact size.
Key specifications include:

• Engine Power: 105 hp (78 kW)
  
• Operating Weight: 22,900 lbs (10,400 kg)
  
• Bucket Capacity: 1.0 to 1.5 cubic yards (0.76 to 1.14 m³)
  
• Maximum Digging Depth: 7.8 feet (2.4 meters)
  
• Track Width: 18 inches (457 mm)
  

The 955L is equipped with a robust hydraulic system and a strong undercarriage that allows it to work efficiently on uneven or soft ground. However, when used to load tri-axle trailers, operators must ensure proper technique and equipment understanding to maximize safety and efficiency.
Loading Tri-Axles with the 955L Loader
Tri-axle trailers are designed for hauling heavy and oversized loads, such as construction materials, equipment, or machinery. These trailers typically have three axles and are capable of handling large weights, often in the range of 40 to 50 tons.
Here are some key considerations and strategies when using the 955L to load a tri-axle:

1. Understanding Load Limits
   While the 955L is a powerful machine, operators must be mindful of the weight and size of the material they are loading. The loader’s bucket capacity is typically between 1.0 and 1.5 cubic yards, meaning it can carry a load of roughly 1.5 to 2 tons, depending on the material. A tri-axle can handle much larger loads, but it’s essential to ensure that the loader is lifting within safe limits, especially when dealing with compacted or dense materials like gravel, stone, or construction debris.
   
2. Proper Bucket Positioning
   When loading a tri-axle, bucket positioning plays a crucial role in ensuring an even distribution of weight. If the load is uneven or placed improperly, the tri-axle trailer may become unbalanced, leading to unsafe transport conditions. The loader operator should aim to keep the bucket level and ensure the material is evenly spread across the trailer bed to maintain stability.
   
3. Timing and Control of Lift Cycle
   Using a track loader like the 955L for loading requires careful timing and control. The lifting and dumping cycle must be smooth to prevent spillage or damage to the tri-axle. Sudden movements or jerky actions can cause the material to shift unpredictably, which can cause tipping or overloads. A smooth, controlled approach to both the lift and dump phases is critical.
   
4. Strategic Positioning of the Loader
   The 955L’s crawler tracks provide great stability, even on soft or uneven ground, but the operator should be mindful of the loader’s positioning relative to the tri-axle trailer. It's important to position the loader at the correct angle to allow for proper dumping without overreaching or risking tipping. Typically, the loader should approach the trailer from the side to maintain balance and avoid obstruction from the trailer’s sides.
   
5. Avoiding Overloading the Trailer
   Tri-axle trailers can handle substantial weight, but overloading them beyond their capacity is a serious safety risk. It’s vital for operators to be aware of the tri-axle’s total weight capacity (often labeled on the trailer’s specifications plate) and to ensure the loader does not exceed these limits. Overloading can cause damage to the trailer, lead to excessive wear on the axles, or create unsafe conditions during transport.
   

Common Challenges and Solutions

1. Uneven Ground Conditions
   On construction sites, the ground can often be uneven or soft, making loading a tri-axle with the 955L more challenging. In such cases, operators should ensure the loader is on firm, stable ground before attempting to lift heavy loads. It may also be necessary to adjust the loader’s tracks or use additional support, such as mats or plates, to prevent the tracks from sinking into the soil.
   • Solution: Ensure the loader is positioned on compacted or reinforced ground before commencing the loading process. If necessary, use track pads or mats to spread the load over soft ground.
     
2. Slow Hydraulic Response
   On older models like the 955L, hydraulic systems may show signs of wear, leading to slow or unresponsive movements. If the bucket is not lifting or dumping smoothly, it can lead to delays and mismanagement of materials.
   • Solution: Regular maintenance of the hydraulic system is crucial. This includes checking hydraulic fluid levels, ensuring no leaks, and replacing any worn-out components such as hoses or seals. If the system is older, a hydraulic upgrade may be necessary to improve response time.
     
3. Material Spillage
   Sometimes, when transferring heavy loads into a tri-axle trailer, spillage can occur, especially when loading materials like sand or gravel. This can make the site messy and create hazardous conditions for workers.
   • Solution: Operators should aim to load the trailer with a well-controlled, even flow of material. Use the bucket’s edge to carefully scrape and release material into the bed of the trailer to minimize spillage. Additionally, ensure that the trailer is positioned to catch any potential overflow.
     
4. Maintaining Load Balance
   Tri-axle trailers are designed to carry heavy loads, but improper loading can lead to an imbalanced weight distribution. Uneven loading can affect the trailer’s stability and increase the risk of accidents.
   • Solution: Always load materials evenly across the trailer bed, distributing weight as evenly as possible. Ensure that the loader is positioned correctly, and take care when approaching the trailer for a more balanced lift.
     

Best Practices for Maintaining the 955L
Maintaining the Caterpillar 955L for effective loading operations involves regular checks and upkeep:

• Regular Hydraulic Maintenance: The hydraulic system is crucial for effective bucket movement and lift performance. Ensure that the hydraulic oil is checked regularly and that all lines and components are free from leaks and damage.
  
• Track Maintenance: Regularly inspect and maintain the tracks. The tracks should be cleaned and lubricated, and any worn-out track shoes should be replaced.
  
• Engine Checks: Ensure the engine is operating efficiently by regularly checking oil levels, air filters, and coolant systems.
  
• Load Capacity Awareness: Continuously monitor the load capacities and avoid exceeding limits to ensure the machine’s safety and longevity.
  

Conclusion
The Caterpillar 955L is a robust and reliable machine that, when used correctly, can efficiently load tri-axle trailers with heavy materials. By focusing on proper technique, regular maintenance, and adhering to the load limits, operators can ensure that the machine performs optimally, even in challenging environments. With its solid design and durable performance, the 955L remains an excellent choice for construction projects, heavy hauling, and various material-handling tasks.