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Introduction
The LeTourneau Tournapull series revolutionized the earthmoving industry by introducing the first self-propelled motor scraper. Conceived by R.G. LeTourneau during his recovery from a car accident in 1937, the Tournapull combined the functionality of a bulldozer and a scraper into a single, mobile unit. This innovation significantly increased efficiency in large-scale earthmoving projects.
Development and Evolution
The initial model, the Tournapull Model A, was introduced in 1937. It featured a single-axle design and was powered by a 160 hp (119.3 kW) 8-cylinder Caterpillar D17000 engine, allowing it to reach speeds up to 20 mph (32.2 km/h) . Subsequent models, including the Model B and Model C, saw improvements in power, capacity, and versatility. The Model C, for instance, was equipped with a 150 hp Cummins HBID600 engine and could be paired with various Carryall scrapers ranging from 8.5 to 15 cubic yards in capacity .
Design Features
Tournapull scrapers were characterized by their unique design: a single rear axle with large pneumatic tires, a front-mounted operator's station, and a cable-controlled scraper bowl. This configuration allowed for greater maneuverability and speed compared to traditional towed scrapers. The cable control system enabled precise operation of the scraper bowl, enhancing efficiency and control during excavation .
Applications
LeTourneau Tournapull scrapers were utilized in a variety of applications, including large-scale construction projects, military engineering tasks, and infrastructure development. Notably, during World War II, these machines played a crucial role in constructing the Alaska Highway, with LeTourneau equipment accounting for over half of the machinery used in its construction . Their ability to efficiently move large volumes of earth made them invaluable in such projects.
Maintenance and Challenges
While the Tournapull series was groundbreaking, it was not without its challenges. Operators often reported issues with the cable control system, particularly in maintaining the cleanliness and alignment of the cables, which could affect performance . Additionally, the complex mechanical systems required regular maintenance to ensure optimal operation.
Legacy
The LeTourneau Tournapull series left a lasting impact on the earthmoving industry. Its innovative design paved the way for modern motor scrapers, influencing the development of future equipment in the field. Today, vintage Tournapull machines are preserved in museums and collections, serving as a testament to the ingenuity and vision of R.G. LeTourneau .
Conclusion
The LeTourneau Tournapull scrapers represent a significant milestone in the evolution of construction machinery. Through innovation and determination, R.G. LeTourneau transformed the earthmoving industry, leaving a legacy that continues to inspire engineers and operators worldwide.
